Question

Describe the three types of muscular tissue, and give their functions. please be specific

Answer 1

The three types of muscles or muscular tissues which are skeletal smooth and cardiac muscles

SKELETAL MUSCLES

Skeletal muscles are those muscles which are most abundant or ample and are found attached to skeleton. These skeletal muscles are called by many names like striped, striated, somatic, or voluntary muscles. They are considered to be the best differentiated form of muscle Skeletal muscles are attached to two bones, one is called 'Origin' and other is called 'Insertion'. The muscles which are attatched to bones by tendons are tough bands of connective tissuse. Tendons very strong and are woven into the coverings of both muscles and bones.Muscles act by contraction which results in their shortening and pull on tendons. This transfers the force to bone attached and desired movement results between the bones muscle is attached.

Skeletal muscles often exist in pairs, whereby one muscle is the primary mover and the other acts as an antagonist. For example when you bend your arm, your biceps contracts whilst your triceps is relaxed. When your arm returns to the extended position it is the triceps that contracts and the biceps relaxes.

FUNCTIONS OF SKELETAL MUSCLES

- Being capable of rapid contractions, they respond quickly to stumli.

- Skeletal muscles help in adjusting the individual to external environment.

- Skeletal muscles are under highest nervous control of cerebral cortex.

examples are:- muscles of limbs and body wall, and bronchial muscles

2   SMOOTH MUSCLES

Smooth Muscles are also knowns as Visceral Muscles. These muscles are found inside of organs like the stomach, intestines, and blood vessels. smooth muscles are weakest of all the muscles.Thesetype of muscles are also called involuntary muscles as it is controlled by the part of the brain which cannot be directly controlled by the conscious mind.

FUNCTIONS OF SMOOTH MUSCLES

Being smooth these muscles do not exhibit cross-striations under microscope.

- They are not voulantary control so they respond slowly to stimuli.

- Smooth muscles are capable of sustained contraction and therefore, do not fatigue easily.

- They provide motor power for regulating the internal environment related to digestion, circulation etc

- Smooth muscles are less dependent on nervous control.

CARDAIC MUSCLE

This type of muscle isfound in the heart. It is intermediate in structure, being striated and at the same time involuntary. It is meant for automatic and rhythmic-contractions and each muscle fibre. These fibers have a single nucleus which branches and anastomoses with the neighboring fibers at intercalated discs.  These muscles are responsible for pumping blood. Cardiac muscle is unique as it stimulates itself to contract by virtue of pacemaker which is also made of cardiac muscle tissue. Because of this property, cardiac muscle is considered to be autorhythmic controlled

FUNCTIONS OF CARDAIC MUSCLES

- The cardiac muscles are primarily responsible for transporting substances like blood or food from one part of the body to another.

- It helps in cintraction and relaxation i.e when atria contracts blood is forced into ventricles and when ventricular muscles contracts then blood is ejected into aorta from left ventricle and into pulmonary trunck from right.

- No organism can stay alive without the functioning of the cardiac muscle