Question

1. Describe the compound light microscope, what are the function of the stage clips. Specify what type of objects or organisms you would look at using each of these microscopes respectively.

2. Identify two structures that are unique to the plant cells and provide each of their functions. Describe what happens to a plant cell when it is placed in a hypotonic solution and be sure to state the name of this process.

3. Name the four factors that affect enzyme activity. Explain how two factors promote enzyme activity and explain how two factors inhibit enzyme activity.

4. Compare the processes of mitosis and meiosis. Be sure to describe the similarities and major differences.

5. Explain what alleles are and describe the difference between an autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive disorder.  

Answer 1

1.compound light microscope utilizes 2 lenses that is ocular and objective lens and it is used magnify the objects upto 1000x magnification. It is used to visualise smaller organisms such as bacteria and other microbes

Stage Clip used to hold the slid in a place in a mechanical stage

2. Structures unique to plant cells are vacole and chloroplast

When placed in hypotonic solution, it absorbs the water from the solution and become turgid through the process called osmosis

3. Factors affecting enzyme activity

Temperature ,pH, enzyme concentration and substrate concentration

By increasing enzyme and substrate could ncentration we can increase the enzyme activity

By increasing pH and temperature from its optimum temperature , it would hamper the enzymatic activity since the protein is denatured

4 . Mitosis and meoisis are both cell division method utilized by eukaryotic cell

Mitosis occurs in somatic cells

Meoisis occurs in sex cells

Mitosis does not change the chromosome number

Meoisis changes the chromosome number from 2n to n

5. Alleles are defined as variant forms of particular gene in tbe same individual or different individuals

Autosomal dominant disease : dominant diseases allele is domainat to normal allele and it causes disease in the heterozygous condition also

Autosomal recessive : recessive allele can cause disease only if it present in homozygous form