How do B cell activation and differentiation take place?

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Expert Solution

B cell activation takes place upon encountering an antigen. The antigen binds to B cell receptor.
B cell activation takes place by two ways : (1) T helper cells (Th) dependent & (2) T helper cells independent.
In T_H dependent pathway, B cell directly contacts T helper cells after a B cell encounters T (thymus) dependent antigen. This binding leads to T cell activation which then in turn secretes cytokines . The cytokines act as activation signal for B cell.
The B cell then differentiates into memory B cells and plasma cells. The plasma cells secrete antibody isotypes . (This is called class switching ).
In T h independent pathway, thymus independent antigens directly activate B cell upon encounter. The antigen is internalized, and digested. The antigenic peptide is expressed on B cell surface with class II MHC. It results into formation of IgM (but no memory cells ).

Note:

B cell activation takes place in secondary lymphoid organs ( spleen, lymph nodes ).

gladiator answered 1 year ago

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