Question

1. Explain the following terms in relation to landscape architecture: parterre, Genius loci, tabula rasa, tacit knowing

2. Compare between landscape design as modern professional practice and Landscape design in history. Provide examples.

3. Compare between the French and English landscape design in the history.

Include names of pioneer in the field.

4. Explain the different of built environment and non-built environment in relation to landscape Architecture.

5. Use    your imagination and design the land using only earth. Play with the topography in order to create spaces and corridors. You have a story you want to tell in these spaces. Your words are spaces and paths. Each space or path conveys a message, an image, or a feeling. Through the sequence of spaces, the story will be told. There are no restrictions what so ever to limit your imagination. Only be logical and sensitive. Do the sketch/ sketches in 2 scale. Write any principles you are using in your design related to land form.

The objective of the design problem is to show how you are dealing with the land form; a unique or distinguished design is not required here.

Answer 1

1.

PARTERRE:

   Parterre is a planting bed in a formal garden,usually square or rectangular containing an ornamental design made with low,closely clipped hedges, coloured gravel and sometimes flowers also. It is a sophisticated development of knot garden, a medieval form of bed inwhich various types of plants were separated from eachother by dwarf hedges of boxes ,thrift or any low growing controllable hardy plant.

GENIUS LOCI:

   'Genius Loci' is a Latin phrase meaning 'spirit of place'.Alexander Pop, a classical scholar ,gardener and poet described the term 'Genius loci' .Genius loci refers to a distinctive atmosphere of a location.

TABULA RASA:

   'Tabula rasa' is a Latin phrase meaning 'scraped tablet'.A tabula rasa approach to landscape architecture,where existing site conditions and landscape elements are cleared,is inappropriate in nearly all contexts of several reasons. First , recycling and conservation of materials, structures and vegetation is desirable for sustainability reasons. Second , landscape accrue meanings and through use.

TACIT KNOWING: distinctive qualities over time

   The concept of tacit knowledge was introduced by Polanyi(1966) as an alternative to conventional methods of learning. He entails the immersion in the form of knowledge thereby emphasizing the subject's involvement with the objects of hid cognition and allowing him to acquire and assimilate complex forms of knowledge. Ecological understanding is an ongoing process that simultaneously guides and inspires the ecological design. As such any step by step linear design process is proscribed, a clearly defined rational method is avoided. Instead ecological understanding of the landscape is realised through the convept of tacit knowing.