Question

Mention 3 advantages of producing seeds

What difference do gymnosperm seeds make from angiosperms?

What is a gymnosperm (characteristics)?

What is an angiosperm(characteristics)?

Answer 1

Advantages of producing seeds

1.We all know that Embryo is the future plant or it will develop into a seedling after certain growth period and this embryo is situated inside a seed. So seeds play a major role in the continuity of generations in gymnosperms and angiosperms.

2.Seed dispersion takes place through different ways here wind and animals can easily disperse seeds into new areas and some times they will be more suitable to that new region so that protecting the species from becoming extinct.

3.Seed provides protection to the embryo from the adverse conditions through the seed coat and also it gives nutrients for the growth of the enbryo.

Differences between the seeds of Gymnosperms and Angiosperms

• seeds of the angiosperms are enclosed with in an overy which later becomes the fruit.
• Gymnosperms do not have flowers or fruits and seeds an not enclosed or the seeds of gymnosperms are "naked".
• Gymnosperms seeds are often arranged into cones. Cones can be male or female.

Gymnosperms

• Gymnosperms are seed producing non flowering plants whose seeds are not formed inside a fruit(naked seeds).
• They mostly grow in xerophytic conditions.
• Seeds are found on scales,leaves,or as cones.
• They posses scale like or needle like leaves and have tap root system.
• They are not differentiated into ovary style and stigma though stigma is absent,pollination takes place through wind.
• Cones are the reproductive structures.
• Fertilization takes place with the help of pollen tube(siphonogamous).
• Gymnosperms posses vascular tissues for the conduction of water and nutrients.In gymnosperms ,xylem does not have vessels and the phloem has no companion cells and sieve tubes.

Angiosperms

• Angiosperms are seed producing flowering plants whose seeds are situated inside the ovary which later becomes a fruit.
• The sporophyte is differentiated into well developed root,stems and leaves.
• Leaves are mostly flat with different kinds of shape and arrangements
• In case of roots ,it is fibrous root system in monocotyledons and well developed tap root system in dicotyledons.
• Flowers are the reproductive structures they can be bisexual or unisexual.Inside the flower there will be either the stamen or the carpel in unisexual flower and both in bisexual flowers.
• Angiosperms are heterosporous produce both microspores(pollen grains) and megaspores.
• Double fertilization or triple fusion is one of the major feature of angiosperms.
• Endosperm develops after fertilization and it is triploid.
• The vascular system has true vessels in the xylem and companion cell is present in the phloem.