Estimated Income Statements, using Absorption and Variable Costing

Prior to the first month of operations ending October 31 Marshall Inc. estimated the following operating results:

The company is evaluating a proposal to manufacture 27,200 units instead of 24,800 units, thus creating an Inventory, October 31 of 2,400 units. Manufacturing the additional units will not change sales, unit variable factory overhead costs, total fixed factory overhead cost, or total selling and administrative expenses.

a. 1. Prepare an estimated income statement, comparing operating results if 24,800 and 27,200 units are manufactured in the absorption costing format. If an amount box does not require an entry leave it blank or enter “0”.

a. 2. Prepare an estimated income statement, comparing operating results if 24,800 and 27,200 units are manufactured in the variable costing format. If an amount box does not require an entry leave it blank or enter “0”.

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The alphabetical listing below includes all of the adjusted account balances of Battle Creek, Inc. as of December 31, 2018. All account balances are normal.

Required:

1. Prepare the closing entries. (If no entry is required for a transaction/event, select "No Journal Entry Required" in the first account field.)
2. Prepare the post-closing trial balance as of December 31, 2018. (Enter all account balances, including any that may carry a zero-balance.)
3. Prepare the classified balance sheet at December 31, 2018. (Amounts to be deducted should be indicated by a minus sign.)

Bank Reconciliation and Entries

The cash account for Pala Medical Co. at June 30, 20Y1, indicated a balance of $13,015. The bank statement indicated a balance of $15,420 on June 30, 20Y1. Comparing the bank statement and the accompanying canceled checks and memos with the records revealed the following reconciling items:

1. Checks outstanding totaled $5,550.
2. A deposit of $5,780, representing receipts of June 30, had been made too late to appear on the bank statement.
3. The bank collected $3,010 on a $2,850 note, including interest of $160.
4. A check for $660 returned with the statement had been incorrectly recorded by Pala Medical Co. as $600. The check was for the payment of an obligation to Skyline Supply Co. for a purchase on account.
5. A check drawn for $30 had been erroneously charged by the bank as $300.
6. Bank service charges for June amounted to $45.

Required:

1. Prepare a bank reconciliation.

2. Journalize the necessary entries (a.) that increase cash and (b.) that decrease cash. The accounts have not been closed. For a compound transaction, if an amount box does not require an entry, leave it blank.

3. If a balance sheet were prepared for Pala Medical Co. on June 30, 20Y1, what amount should be reported as cash?
$

Income Statements under Absorption Costing and Variable Costing

Joplin Industries Inc. manufactures and sells high-quality sporting goods equipment under its highly recognizable J-Sports logo. The company began operations on May 1 and operated at 100% of capacity (61,600 units) during the first month, creating an ending inventory of 5,600 units. During June, the company produced 56,000 garments during the month but sold 61,600 units at $90 per unit. The June manufacturing costs and selling and administrative expenses were as follows:

a. Prepare an income statement according to the absorption costing concept for June.

b. Prepare an income statement according to the variable costing concept for June.

Anteium Company owes $81,100 on a note payable that is currently due. The note is held by a local bank and is secured by a mortgage lien attached to three acres of land worth $48,500. The land originally cost Anteium $31,500 when acquired several years ago. The only other account balances for this company are Investments of $22,600 (but worth $27,600), Accounts Payable of $22,200, Common Stock of $41,200, and a deficit of $89,400. Anteium is insolvent and attempting to arrange a reorganization so that the business can continue to operate. The reorganization value of the company is $83,500.

View each of the following as an independent situation:

1. On a statement of financial affairs, how would this note be reported? How would the land be shown?

2. Assume that Anteium develops an acceptable reorganization plan. Sixty percent of the common stock is transferred to the bank to settle that particular obligation. A 7 percent, three-year note payable for $5,160 is used to settle the accounts payable. How would Anteium record the reorganization?

3. Assume that Anteium is liquidated. The land and investments are sold for $50,500 and $28,600, respectively. Administrative expenses amount to $13,400. How much will the various parties collect?

Chapter 8: Applying Excel: Exercise (Part 2 of 2)

Requirement 2:

The company has just hired a new marketing manager who insists that unit sales can be dramatically increased by dropping the selling price from $8 to $7. The marketing manager would like to use the following projections in the budget:

a. What are the total expected cash collections for the year under this revised budget?

b. What is the total required production for the year under this revised budget?

c. What is the total cost of raw materials to be purchased for the year under this revised budget?

d. What are the total expected cash disbursements for raw materials for the year under this revised budget?

Saddle Inc. has two types of handbags: standard and custom. The controller has decided to use a plantwide overhead rate based on direct labor costs. The president has heard of activity-based costing and wants to see how the results would differ if this system were used. Two activity cost pools were developed: machining and machine setup. Presented below is information related to the company’s operations.

Total estimated overhead costs are $ 297,000. Overhead cost allocated to the machining activity cost pool is $ 189,000, and $ 108,000 is allocated to the machine setup activity cost pool.

Compute the overhead rate using the traditional (plantwide) approach. (Round answer to 2 decimal places, e.g. 12.25.)

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Compute the overhead rates using the activity-based costing approach.

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Determine the difference in allocation between the two approaches.

3) Webb Corporation's trial balance for July 31, the end of its fiscal year, included the following accounts:

Accounts Receivable $35,000

Inventories 50,000 Franchise

35,000 Investments

50,000 Prepaid Insurance

5,000 Note Receivable 90,000

Cash in Bank 8,000

The investment account consists of marketable securities of which management plans to sell half of by December 31. Prepaid insurance is a two year policy that was purchased on July 31. The note receivable is an installment note that will be paid in three equal installments on December 31 of each year.

The amount that should be classified as current assets in the July 31 balance sheet is ________.

A) $150,500

B) $153,000

C) $175,500

D) $210,500

Dusty Jones is 23 years old and has accumulated $4,000 in her self-directed defined contribution pension plan. Each year she contributes $2,000 to the plan, and her employer contributes an equal amount. Dusty thinks she will retire at age 67 and figures she will live to age 81. The plan allows for two types of investments. One offers a 3.5% risk-free real rate of return. The other offers an expected return of 10% and has a standard deviation of 23%. Dusty now has 5% of her money in the risk-free investment and 95% in the risky investment. She plans to continue saving at the same rate and keep the same proportions invested in each of the investments. Her salary will grow at the same rate as inflation. How much can Dusty be sure of having in the safe account at retirement?

A: 37,221

B: 16,423

C: 11,856

D: 21,156

E: 49,219

Please let your classmates know about some of the advantages of reporting cash flows from operating activities by the indirect method on the Statement of Cash Flows.

Direct Materials, Direct Labor, and Factory Overhead Cost Variance Analysis

Mackinaw Inc. processes a base chemical into plastic. Standard costs and actual costs for direct materials, direct labor, and factory overhead incurred for the manufacture of 5,600 units of product were as follows:

Each unit requires 0.25 hour of direct labor.

Required:

a. Determine the direct materials price variance, direct materials quantity variance, and total direct materials cost variance. Enter a favorable variance as a negative number using a minus sign and an unfavorable variance as a positive number.

b. Determine the direct labor rate variance, direct labor time variance, and total direct labor cost variance. Enter a favorable variance as a negative number using a minus sign and an unfavorable variance as a positive number.

c. Determine variable factory overhead controllable variance, the fixed factory overhead volume variance, and total factory overhead cost variance. Enter a favorable variance as a negative number using a minus sign and an unfavorable variance as a positive number.

Royal Lawncare Company produces and sells two packaged products—Weedban and Greengrow. Revenue and cost information relating to the products follow:

Common fixed expenses in the company total $111,000 annually. Last year the company produced and sold 39,000 units of Weedban and 17,500 units of Greengrow.

Required:

Prepare a contribution format income statement segmented by product lines.

Yahoo Gold Mining Company (YGMC) mines coal, puts it through a one-step crushing process, and loads the bulk raw coal onto river barges for shipment to customers.
YGMC’s management is currently evaluating the possibility of further processing the raw coal by sizing and cleaning it and selling it to an expanded set of customers at higher prices. The option of building a new sizing and cleaning plant is ruled out as being financially infeasible. Instead, Darrell Cornwall, a mining engineer, is asked to explore outside contracting arrangements for the cleaning and sizing process.

Darrell puts together the following summary:
Selling price of raw coal = $27 per tonne
Cost of producing raw coal = $22 per tonne
Selling price of sized and cleaned coal = $36 per tonne
Annual raw coal output = 10,000,000 tonnes
Percentage of material weight loss in sizing/cleaning coal = 6%

Incremental Costs of Sizing and Cleaning Processes
Direct labour = $800,000 per year
Supervisory personnel = 200,000 per year
Heavy equipment: rental, operating, maintenance costs = 25,000 per month
Contract sizing and cleaning = 3.50 per tonne of raw coal
Outbound rail freight = 240 per 60-tonne rail car

Darrell also learns that 75% of the material loss that occurs in the cleaning and sizing process can be salvaged as coal fines, which can be sold to steel manufacturers for their furnaces. The sale of coal fines is erratic and YGMC may need to stockpile it in a protected area for up to one year. The selling price of coal fines ranges from $15 to $24 per tonne and costs of preparing coal fines for sale range from $2 to $4 per tonne.

Required
1) Prepare an analysis to show whether it is more profitable for YGMC to continue selling raw bulk coal or to process it further through sizing and cleaning. (Ignore coal fines in your analysis.)
2) How would your analysis be affected if the cost of producing raw coal could be held down to $20 per tonne?
3) Now consider the potential value of the coal fines and prepare an addendum that shows how their value affects the results of your analysis prepared in requirement 1.