The following data relate to the operations of Shilow Company, a wholesale distributor of consumer goods:

1. The gross margin is 25% of sales.

2. Actual and budgeted sales data:

3. Sales are 60% for cash and 40% on credit. Credit sales are collected in the month following sale. The accounts receivable at March 31 are a result of March credit sales.

4. Each month’s ending inventory should equal 80% of the following month’s budgeted cost of goods sold.

5. One-half of a month’s inventory purchases is paid for in the month of purchase; the other half is paid for in the following month. The accounts payable at March 31 are the result of March purchases of inventory.

6. Monthly expenses are as follows: commissions, 12% of sales; rent, $3,800 per month; other expenses (excluding depreciation), 6% of sales. Assume that these expenses are paid monthly. Depreciation is $819 per month (includes depreciation on new assets).

7. Equipment costing $3,000 will be purchased for cash in April.

8. Management would like to maintain a minimum cash balance of at least $4,000 at the end of each month. The company has an agreement with a local bank that allows the company to borrow in increments of $1,000 at the beginning of each month, up to a total loan balance of $20,000. The interest rate on these loans is 1% per month and for simplicity we will assume that interest is not compounded. The company would, as far as it is able, repay the loan plus accumulated interest at the end of the quarter.

Required:

Using the preceding data:

1. Complete the schedule of expected cash collections.

2. Complete the merchandise purchases budget and the schedule of expected cash disbursements for merchandise purchases.

3. Complete the cash budget.

4. Prepare an absorption costing income statement for the quarter ended June 30.

5. Prepare a balance sheet as of June 30.

Describe the differences between job order costing, process costing, and Activity Based Costing (ABC). What are the advantages and disadvantages of each system? Imagine a company that you might be a manager for. Describe that company and what their major product or service would be. Then, tell which cost system would be best suited to that firm and why.

Write a short essay about state and local taxes. Your answer should include the different types of state and local taxes, their definitions and their classification into either activity based tax or transaction based tax. Please state your answer in a good form which will includes introduction, structure and conclusion. 5 paragraphs
1 page

1. Deferred income tax liabilities are amounts owed to the government True or False

2. Deferred taxes appear on a company's balance sheet as a result of inter-period tax True or False

3. "Taxable amounts" include revenues and gains that are included in the tax return BEFORE they are recognized for accounting purposes. True or False

4. Existing sufficient taxable temporary differences, which will result in taxable income, is one piece of evidence to support a more likely than not criteria. True or False

5. Two taxable permanent differences are Political contribution and 2) Golf club dues True or False

References

eBook & Resources

Most people lease for three years. When you purchase a car, you normally finance it with 60 month (5 year) loan. Compare two lease cycles to one purchase for the same car. Assume the second three-year lease costs are the same as the first lease. The car list cost is $27,450. The drive off fees associated with the lease are $1,250. Monthly lease payments are calculated on the three-year depreciation at 4.5% interest. Three-year depreciation is $12,692. The person buying the car is able to negotiate a $3,300 reduction in price and they put $2,400 down payment. The interest rate is 3.75%. The monthly payments are calculated on the net cost of the car. (Net cost = list cost-price reduction-down payment.) The sale value of the car at the end of six years is $9,787. What are the out of pocket costs for the lease compared to purchase? Both the lease and purchase must pay for routine maintenance and can be excluded from the analysis. The purchaser will have to spend $1,000 for a set of tires during the six years. The leaser does not have to pay for tires. At the end of a lease the leaser does not own a car, and must lease another car or purchase a car. Remember that the drive off fees are applicable to each lease. Compare the total out of pocket costs. Be sure to include the value of the 6-year-old car.

Please show show formulas in excel.

You are in charge of the department that receives the product in to the building and stows it to the bin where it is accessible by the department. you have two options on how to receive and stow the product. In the first option, you receive the product at 250 units per labor hour and stow it at 100 units per labor hour. You must receive it and stow it for the unit to count for production. This process results in 1% of the units stowed being incorrect. You can find and fix these errors at a rate of 20 units for labor hour with what you believe is almost 100% accuracy. In the second option, you receive and stow the product in one step vs. two. The rate for this process is 80 units per labor hours for receive and stow. This process results in 1.5% of the units being stowed being incorrect. You can find and fix these errors at a rate of 20 units per hour with what you believe is almost 100% accuracy. 1. Which option would you select to process today's units and why? 2. Does your answer change if you are told you must fully process 100,000 units today? If yes, why? 3. Does your answer change if you are told that you have 15 associates today and you must fully produce the maximum amount of units possible? If yes, why?

On December 31, 2017, Berclair Inc. had 400 million shares of common stock and 14 million shares of 9%, $100 par value cumulative preferred stock issued and outstanding. On March 1, 2018, Berclair purchased 120 million shares of its common stock as treasury stock. Berclair issued a 6% common stock dividend on July 1, 2018. Four million treasury shares were sold on October 1. Net income for the year ended December 31, 2018, was $700 million. Also outstanding at December 31 were 63 million incentive stock options granted to key executives on September 13, 2013. The options were exercisable as of September 13, 2017, for 63 million common shares at an exercise price of $60 per share. During 2018, the market price of the common shares averaged $70 per share. The options were exercised on September 1, 2018. Required: Compute Berclair’s basic and diluted earnings per share for the year ended December 31, 2018. (Enter your answers in millions (i.e., 10,000,000 should be entered as 10).)

Briefly explain the reasons why the unit price of an unlisted managed fund is likely to change on a regular basis. In addressing this question reference should be made to the various asset classes, their returns over time, how their returns impact unit price of the fund and also how cash distributions from the fund affect value and unit price of the fund.

Before preparing Part A, answer in complete sentences these 2 questions:

1. Looking at the direct materials equations for Standard Costs and Actual Costs, is the materials

price variance favorable or unfavorable? Why?

2. Looking at the direct materials equations for Standard Costs and Actual Costs, is the materials

Problem A

Direct materials, direct labor, and factory overhead cost variance analysis

Obj. 3, 4Mackinaw Inc. processes a base chemical into plastic. Standard costs and actual costs for direct materials, direct labor, and factory overhead incurred for the manufacture of 40,000 units of product were as follows:

Each unit requires 0.3 hour of direct labor.

Instructions

1. Determine (A) the direct materials price variance, direct materials quantity variance, and total direct materials cost variance; (B) the direct labor rate variance, direct labor time variance, and total direct labor cost variance; and (C) the variable factory overhead controllable variance, fixed factory overhead volume variance, and total factory overhead cost variance.

The Holtz Corporation acquired 80 percent of the 100,000 outstanding voting shares of Devine, Inc., for $6.70 per share on January 1, 2017. The remaining 20 percent of Devine’s shares also traded actively at $6.70 per share before and after Holtz’s acquisition. An appraisal made on that date determined that all book values appropriately reflected the fair values of Devine’s underlying accounts except that a building with a 5-year future life was undervalued by $57,000 and a fully amortized trademark with an estimated 10-year remaining life had a $69,000 fair value. At the acquisition date, Devine reported common stock of $100,000 and a retained earnings balance of $224,000.

Following are the separate financial statements for the year ending December 31, 2018:

At year-end, there were no intra-entity receivables or payables.

1. Prepare a worksheet to consolidate these two companies as of December 31, 2018.

2. Prepare a 2018 consolidated income statement for Holtz and Devine.

3. If instead the noncontrolling interest shares of Devine had traded for $4.50 surrounding Holtz’s acquisition date, what is the impact on goodwill?

On January 4, 2018, Runyan Bakery paid $324 million for 10 million shares of Lavery Labeling Company common stock. The investment represents a 30% interest in the net assets of Lavery and gave Runyan the ability to excercise significant influence over Lavery's operations. Runyan chose the fair value option to account for this investment. Runyan received dividends of $2.00 per share on December 31, 2018, and Lavery reported net income of $160 million for the year ended December 31, 2018. The market value of Lavery's common stock at December 31, 2018 was $31 per share. On the purchase date, the book value of Lavery's net assets was $800 million and:

a. The fair value of Lavery's depreciable assets, with an average remaining useful life of six years, exceeded their book value by $80 million.

b. The remainder of the excess of the cost of the investment over the book value of net assets purchased was attributable to goodwill.

Required:

1-a. Prepare all appropriate journal entries related to the investment during 2018, assuming Runyan accounts for this investment under fair value option, and accounts for the Lavery investment in a manner similar to what it would use for securities for which there is not specific influence.

1-b Calculate the effect of these journal entries on 2018 net income, and the amount at which the investment is carried in the December 31, 2018, balance sheet.

2-a Prepare all appropriate journal entries related to the investment during 2018, assuming Runyan accounts for this investment under the fair value option, but uses equity method accounting to account for Lavery's income and dividends, and then records a fair value adjustment at the end of the year that allows it to comply with GAAP.

2-b Calculate the effect of these journal entries on 2018 net income, and the amount at which the investment is carried in the December 31, 2018, balance sheet.

Hi-Tek Manufacturing, Inc., makes two types of industrial component parts—the B300 and the T500. An absorption costing income statement for the most recent period is shown:

Hi-Tek produced and sold 60,400 units of B300 at a price of $19 per unit and 12,600 units of T500 at a price of $40 per unit. The company’s traditional cost system allocates manufacturing overhead to products using a plantwide overhead rate and direct labor dollars as the allocation base. Additional information relating to the company’s two product lines is shown below:

The company has created an activity-based costing system to evaluate the profitability of its products. Hi-Tek’s ABC implementation team concluded that $57,000 and $108,000 of the company’s advertising expenses could be directly traced to B300 and T500, respectively. The remainder of the selling and administrative expenses was organization-sustaining in nature. The ABC team also distributed the company’s manufacturing overhead to four activities as shown below:

Required:

1. Compute the product margins for the B300 and T500 under the company’s traditional costing system.

2. Compute the product margins for B300 and T500 under the activity-based costing system.

3. Prepare a quantitative comparison of the traditional and activity-based cost assignments.

Allocating Selling and Administrative Expenses using Activity-Based Costing

Shrute Inc. manufactures office copiers, which are sold to retailers. The price and cost of goods sold for each copier are as follows:

In addition, the company incurs selling and administrative expenses of $279,440. The company wishes to assign these costs to its three major retail customers, The Warehouse, Kosmo Co., and Supply Universe. These expenses are related to its three major nonmanufacturing activities: customer service, sales order processing, and advertising support. The advertising support is in the form of advertisements that are placed by Shrute Inc. to support the retailer's sale of Shrute copiers to consumers. The budgeted activity costs and activity bases associated with these activities are:

Activity-base usage and unit volume information for the three customers is as follows:

Required:

1. Determine the activity rates for each of the three nonmanufacturing activities. Round to the nearest whole dollar.

2. Determine the activity costs allocated to the three customers, using the activity rates in (1).

3. Construct customer profitability reports for the three customers, dated for the year ended December 31, 2016, using the activity costs in (2). The reports should disclose the gross profit and income from operations associated with each customer. Enter all amounts as positive numbers, except for a negative income from operations.