Question

The cell process in which particles in the cytoplasm are wrapped in a membrane and actively transported across the cell surface to the outside of the cell is called apoptosis endocytosis phagocytosis exocytosis pinocytosis

Answer 1

Exocytosis

In exocytosis, the secretory vesicles are typically transported from the Golgi apparatus to the plasma membrane carrying the secretory molecules. Cells typically transport proteoglycans, neurotransmitters, toxins, hormones, etc. by exocytosis.The vesicles typically pinches off from the trans Golgi carrying the secretory molecules enclosed in vesicles made of membrane proteins and lipids from the membrane of Golgi. The membrane of the vesicles fuses with the plasma membrane, contributing the membrane proteins and lipids to the plasma membrane structure; and the secretory molecules are discharged to the extracellular space. Sometimes the vesicles do not contribute to the plasma membrane; they just secrete the content to the cell exterior and the empty vesicle moves back to the interior of the cell.

Exocytosis is an active bulk transport process and requires energy in the form of ATP. Exocytosis involves docking and priming of the vesicles before they fuse with the plasma membrane, a process which requires ATP.