For C(s) + H2O(g) ⇌ CO(g) + H2(g) H = +. In which direction will the...

For C(s) + H2O(g) ⇌ CO(g) + H2(g) H = +. In which direction will the reaction shift if heat is removed from the system, C is added, H2O is removed, CO is added, and H2 is removed. (a) right, left, no change, left, right (b) left, left, right, left, right (c) left, right, left, left, right (d) left, no change, left, left, right (e) None of the above

Expert Solution

The positive enthalpy of the reaction shows that the reaction is endothermic or there occurs a decrease in temperature as the equilibrium shifts to the right. So, if heat is further removed from the system, to compensate, the equilibrium will shift to the left, a reaction that will release heat to compensate the loss of heat by external source.

Next, if carbon is added to the system, it will increase the concentration of reactants in the equilibrium causing more formation of products. This shifts the equilibrium to the right.

If water is removed from the system, the concentration of reactants decrease. So, to maintain equilibrium rate, it will shift to the left.

Similarly, if CO, a product is added, the equilibrium will shift to the left as the rate of forward reaction will increase now and thus compensation occurs by increasing backward reaction rate.

Finally, if hydrogen is removed from the system, the concentration of products are decreased. This results in the increased rate of forward reaction, shifting it to the right.

Overall, the shifts are left, right, left, left and right which corresponds to OPTION C.

queen_honey_blossom answered 2 years ago

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