Question

Please draw the mitochondria and gram negative cell side by side. Include the labels below. Not all of these go on each part of the drawing.

Matrix

Periplasmic space

Intermembrane space

plasma membrane

inner membrane

outer membrane (twice)

Cytosol

Answer 1

##### Answer and Explanation #####

1. Structure of Mitochondria-

Mitochondria is the organelle which plays very important role in cellular respiration in the Eukaryotic cells, it is the structure in which circular DNA is present hence called autonomous body. There are many structure are present in the organelle but, here we are discussing the structures which are mentioned above.

1. Outer membrane -   This organelle covers whole oraganelle it is double membranal structure, in which many proteins are present that help to transport between the cytosol and mitochondria. It shows similarity with gram-negative bacterial cell, having beta barrel structure of the protein.
2. Inner membrane- It is impermeable to all the molecules, it has the similarity with the bacterial plasma membrane, it plays role in the following processes-

• In the Electron transport Chain.
• In this membrane ATP synthase is present responsible for ATP synthesis in matrix.

3. Intermembrane space - This space is formed between outer membrane and inner membrane, here some sugars , small ions etc are present as same as in the cystosol, due to the permeability of outermembrane, here one protein i.e. Cytochrome C is localized.

4. Matrix - This is the site of Kreb's cycle, this area is covered by the impermeable inner membrane, it contains various enzymes, genetic material, Enzymes utilized by kreb's cycle, ribosomes etc.

2. Structure of Gram - Negative cell -

  

The bacterial cells having a thin peptidoglycan cell wall, hence do not retain the crystal violet strain, during the bacterial differentiation by the gram staining method. Although this have various structure but we are dicussing as mentioned above.

1. Outer membrane -   This is the membrane having porine, helps to transport the substances, it has two leaflets, inner leaflet with phospholipid and outer leaflet with liposaccharides.

2. Innermembrane - This is also known as cytoplasmic membrane, which has also some membrane proteins.

   3. Periplasmic space- this is the space where peptidopgycan is present, it is the space between outer    membrane and inner membrane, same as intermembrane in the mitochondria.

   4. Cytosol - This is covered by innermembrane or cytoplasmic membrane, where the bacterial genome, ribosomes, and other cytoplasmic components are present.

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