In: Chemistry
For the following reaction, 9.90 grams of propane (C3H8) are allowed to react with 20.5 grams of oxygen gas.
propane (C3H8) (g) + oxygen (g) carbon dioxide (g) + water (g)
What is the maximum amount of carbon dioxide that can be formed? grams
What is the FORMULA for the limiting reagent?
What amount of the excess reagent remains after the reaction is complete? grams
1)
Molar mass of C3H8,
MM = 3*MM(C) + 8*MM(H)
= 3*12.01 + 8*1.008
= 44.094 g/mol
mass(C3H8)= 9.9 g
number of mol of C3H8,
n = mass of C3H8/molar mass of C3H8
=(9.9 g)/(44.094 g/mol)
= 0.2245 mol
Molar mass of O2 = 32 g/mol
mass(O2)= 20.5 g
number of mol of O2,
n = mass of O2/molar mass of O2
=(20.5 g)/(32 g/mol)
= 0.6406 mol
Balanced chemical equation is:
C3H8 + 5 O2 ---> 3 CO2 + 4 H2O
1 mol of C3H8 reacts with 5 mol of O2
for 0.2245 mol of C3H8, 1.1226 mol of O2 is required
But we have 0.6406 mol of O2
so, O2 is limiting reagent
we will use O2 in further calculation
Molar mass of CO2,
MM = 1*MM(C) + 2*MM(O)
= 1*12.01 + 2*16.0
= 44.01 g/mol
According to balanced equation
mol of CO2 formed = (3/5)* moles of O2
= (3/5)*0.6406
= 0.3844 mol
mass of CO2 = number of mol * molar mass
= 0.3844*44.01
= 16.9 g
Answer: 16.9 g
2)
O2 is limiting reagent
3)
According to balanced equation
mol of C3H8 reacted = (1/5)* moles of O2
= (1/5)*0.6406
= 0.1281 mol
mol of C3H8 remaining = mol initially present - mol reacted
mol of C3H8 remaining = 0.2245 - 0.1281
mol of C3H8 remaining = 0.0964 mol
Molar mass of C3H8,
MM = 3*MM(C) + 8*MM(H)
= 3*12.01 + 8*1.008
= 44.094 g/mol
mass of C3H8,
m = number of mol * molar mass
= 9.64*10^-2 mol * 44.094 g/mol
= 4.25 g
Answer: 4.25 g