Question

No explanation pls just the right ans

............ a viscous mixture of water, salts, cells, and glycoproteins

gastric juice

bile salts

mucous

salivary glands

Which of the following plasma proteins function in lipid transport?

immunoglobulines

Apolipoproteins

fibrinogen

albumin

......... a small change in the partial pressure of oxygen can result in a large change in delivery of O2

bicarbonate ions (HCO3–)

Bohr shift

hemoglobin dissociation curve

residual volume

.......... will respond to a decrease in blood volume

Antidiuretic hormone

Vasopresin

renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system

atrial natriuretic peptide

Which of the following blood vesseles carry blood away from the heart?

capillaries

veins

arteries

venules

the pressures of O2 and CO2 match the values for air in the ......

alveoli

broncus

blood capillaries

bronchioles

Examine the circulatory system structures in the figure. The two venae cavae empty their blood into the .......

6

1, 4

3

2

Urea is produced in the ......... and excreted by ..........

liver, kidney

ascending, descending loop of Henel

kidney, hepatic portal vein

hepatic portal vein, proximal tubule

If two solutions differ in osmolarity, the net flow of water is from the .............. to ...........solution

hypoosmotic, hyperosmotic

hypoosmotic, hypoosmotic

hyperosmotic, hypoosmotic

hypoosmotic, isoosmotic

Mucus protects the stomach lining from gastric juice, so cell division adds a new epithelial layer every ........

three weeks

one year

three hours

three days

Answer 1

1.Mucous a viscous mixture of water, salts, cells, and glycoproteins.

It protects and moistens and protects the membranes lining the body the body cavity. It s secreted by glands present in the esophageal, nasal cavities etc.,

2.Albumin is the main transporter of lipids in the form of fatty acids, triglycerides and cholesteryl esters. It is the major protein in all the blood proteins present contributing to 55% of them.

3.In Hemoglobin dissociation curve, a small change in the partial pressure of oxygen can result in a large change in delivery of O2.

The curve is plotted by taking partial pressure of oxygen on X axis and oxyhaemoglobin saturation on Y axis and a sigmoid shaped curve is obtained where the plateau portion is is indicating the pulmonary capillary where the O2 is bound to Hb and the steep area is at the tissues where the O2 enters the tissues leaving the Hb. A change in the partial pressure on the X axis might shift the curve leading to large change in the delivery of the Oxygen.

4.Anti diuretic hormone will respond to a decrease in blood volume.

Hypovolemia is the condition where the intravascular volume is decreased resulting in decrease in blood volume. In response to such condition ADH is secreted my the posterior pituitary which helps in more water reabsorption by the distal convoluted tubules thereby increasing the fluid volume.

5. Arteries are the blood vessels that carry the blood away from the heart (eg: Pulmonary artery) whereas veins carry blood int the heart (Pulmonary vein). Capillaries are blood vessels that form the connection between veins and arteries.

6. The pressures of O2 and CO2 match the values for air in the bronchus.

As bronchus carries the air directly to the lungs where is divides into bronchioles where the partial pressures of the gases are changed.

7. The vena cavae empty their blood into the right atrium of the heart which is located on their right-upper side.

8.Urea is produced in the liver and excreted by kidney.

Liver cells undergo ornithine cycle in which the reaction of carbon dioxide and ammonia leads to the formation of urea which is excreted my kidneys as a part of the urinary excretion.

9.If two solutions differ in osmolarity, the net flow of water is from the hypoosmotic to hyperosmotic.solution.

This is because the concentration of solute is higher in hyper osmotic solution than in hypo osmotic solution. Generally water moves from lower osmotic pressure to higher osmotic pressure thus it has to move from the hypo osmotic to hyper osmotic solution.

10.Mucus protects the stomach lining from gastric juice, so cell division adds a new epithelial layer every three days.

The stem cells of the gastric glands undergo cell division and replace the damaged cells continuously and the epithelium is replaced completely. This process usually takes place for every 3 to 6 days.