Question

how does insulin bind to target tissues in an individual with type 2 diabetes, compared to a healthy non-diabetic person

Answer 1

Answer

Diabetes mellitus is a common illness where there's an excessive amount of sugar (glucose) floating around in your blood. this happens because either the pancreas can’t manufacture enough insulin or the cells in your body become resistant to insulin.

There are 2 types of diabetes, type one and type 2. individuals with type one {diabetes|polygenic disorder|polygenic disease} do not produce insulin and people with type 2 diabetes do not respond to insulin also as they should and later in the disease often don't make enough insulin.

in normal healthy person, insulin binds to the receptor protein on the cell surface and instructs the cell to take up glucose from the blood to be used as an energy source. In type 2 diabetes, we believe that insulin binds to the receptor normally, but the signal isn't sent into the cell, the cells don't take up glucose and also the resulting high blood glucose levels cause organ damage over time.