Question

1. Infant respiratory distress syndrome is a condition found in premature babies. In IRDS, insufficient surfactant is produced. The physical changes in premature babies from this condition are ______ and would likely cause ______ without medication intervention.

A. increased surface tension and ultimate collapse of alveoli; death

B. Increased alveolar expansion labored expiration

C. Decreased surface tension within the alveoli hyperpnea

D. Decreased alveolar expansion; dyspnea

2. Amy needs a transfusion. She was involved in a car accident. When she arrived at the hospital, the pathology lab took a sample of her blood and found that she had both antibodies for typing but no Rh factor antibodies. What type of blood can Amy receive to restore her blood volume?

A. Type A negative

B. Type O negative

C. Type B negative

D. two of the above

3. To breath in air, which of the following happens first?

A. intrapulmonary pressure drops

B. Thoracic cavity volume decreases

C. diaphragm flattens to increase thoracic volume

D. Intercoastal muscle contract to raise the rib cage

4. A vaccine is effective because

A. the vaccine contains the antibodies necessary to fight infection

B. The vaccine contains the lymphocytes necessary to fight infection

C. The vaccine primes the immune response to that secondary response are faster and more effcieiecnt than the primary response

D. B-lyphocytes are unable to mount an immune response the first time they are exposed to a new pathogen

5. Which of the following evens occur during ventircular systole?

A. pressure in the aorta decreases so that arotic recoil can help prepare the blood to the body

B. The ventricular pressure increases after contraction

C. Only the pulmonary veins received blood ejected from the heart.

D. Both the aorta and pulmonary trunk receive blood ejected form the heart

Thank you for your help in advance!

Answer 1

1 The answer is option A (increased surface tension and ultimate collapse of alveoli;death)

•Infant respiratory distress syndrome is characterized by decreased surfactant causing increased surface tension and ultimate collapse of Alveoli.If untreated it leads to death of the infant.

•Alveoli start collapsing and do not expand.

•It is associated with tachypnea.

Hence the answer is option A.

2.The answer is option B ( O-ve)

Given the individuals blood has both the antibodies,Anti-A and Anti-B, and no Rh antibody.It indicates that the person's blood group is O-ve.

The people with O-ve blood group can only receive blood from O-ve individuals.

Hence the answer is option B.

3.The answer is option C.(diaphragm flattens to increase the thoracic volume).

•Inspiration is facilitated by diaphragm and intercostal muscles.

•Diaphragm flattens and increase the thoracic volume and external intercostal muscles elevates the ribs and sternum increasing the anterioposterior dimension of the thoracic cavity.

•Followed by decrease in intrapulmonary pressure causing inspiration.

Hence the answer is option C.

4.The answer is option C.

•The vaccine primes the immune response to that secondary response is faster and more efficient than primary response.

•The vaccine contains the antigenic fragments or dead and weakened pathogens and it doesn't contain Lymphocytes and antibodies.

•B lymphocytes are able to elicit an immune response during the first infection but the production of antibodies takes time compared to second attack of the same antigen because the memory cells get activated and there is an earlier production of antibiodies during the second infection.

Hence the answer is option C.

5.During ventricular contraction,ventricles contract,increasing the pressure causing ejection of blood into aorta and pulmonary trunk.