Question

what is the difference between respiratory distress syndrome in neonate and adult respiratory distress syndrome

Answer 1

Respiratory Distress syndrome in neonates

The respiratory distress syndrome in neonate is also known as hyaline membrane disease. The root cause of this disease is the lack of sufficient pulmonary surfactant at the time of birth. Clinically it is manifested by obvious difficulty with breathing, with nasal flaring, rib recession, tachypnoea and a requirement for oxygen therapy.

Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome

It is a life - threatening lung injury that allows fluid to leak into the lungs. The adult respiratory distress syndrome follow a variety of clinical events. Common risk factors include sepsis, aspiration of gastric contents, shock, infection, lung contusion, nonthoracic trauma, toxic inhalation, near-drowning, and multiple blood transfusions. About one third of ARDS patients intially have sepsis syndrome. Damage to capillary endothelial cells and alveolar epithelial cells is common to ARDS regardless of cause or mechanism of lung injury, resulting in increased vascular permeability and decreased production and activity of surfactant; these abnormalities lead to interstitial and alveolar pulmonary edema, alveolar collapse, and hypoxemia.