Write an essay in which you describe in detail how initiation, elongation and termination occur in...

Write an essay in which you describe in detail how initiation, elongation and termination occur in bacteria. Please be as thorough as possible. Make a drawing to accompany the description in which you show all the steps

describe in detail how initiation, elongation and termination occur in bacteria. Please be as thorough as possible. drawing to accompany the description in which you show all the steps

Expert Solution

Translation is the process by which a protein is synthesised from the mRNA. It consists of 3 major steps. Initiation, Elongation and Termination.

INITIATION

Initiation occurs when complex of small ribosomal subunit and initiator tRNA binds to the start codon (AUG) with the help of initiation factors.

The ribosome cosists of two receptor sites for tRNA - P site (peptidyl site) and the A site (aminoacyl site). The P site carries the peptidyl t-RNA and the A site carries the incoming tRNA with the aminoacid attached.

ELONGATION

During elongation, aminoacids are brought to the mRNA by the tRNA and are added one by one forming a polypeptide chain. The new tRNA comes to the A site.

Peptide bond formation - The aminogroup of the aminoacid in the A site forms a peptide bond with the carboxyl group of the aminoacid at the P site in the presence of enzyme peptidyl tranferase.

Translocation - Now the polypeptide chain is in the A site. The whole ribosome moves over the mRNA, so that the peptidyl t-RNA is translocated to the P site.

Now, the A site can receive another tRNA carrying its aminoacid. The steps of peptide bond formation and translocation are repeated till the polypeptide chain is completed.

TERMINATION

During termination, a stop codon (UAA, UGA or UAG) in the mRNA is recognised by a release factor which releases a completed polypeptide.

gladiator answered 2 years ago

Determine whether each event occurs during initiation, elongation, or termination. Initiation Elongation Termination In prokaryotes, the...

Determine whether each event occurs during initiation, elongation, or termination. Initiation Elongation Termination In prokaryotes, the shine-dalgarno sequence pairs with rRna, Translocation occurs, In Ecoli, EF-Tu delivers an aminoacyl-tRNA to the ribosome, In Ecoli, mRNA binds to the 30S ribosomal subunit, Initiator tRNA enters the P site, In Ecoli, EF-Tu hydrolyzes GTP, In Ecoli RF1 recognizes UAG and binds at the A site

Describe what happens at each stage of translation (initiation, elongation, termination).

Describe what happens at each stage of transcription (initiation, elongation, termination).

The protein synthesis can be divided in three phases: initiation, elongation and termination. a. Describe the...

The protein synthesis can be divided in three phases: initiation, elongation and termination. a. Describe the initiation phase as it takes place in bacteria. b. The initiation phase in pro- and eukaryotes begin differently, when it concern the recognition of mRNA, describe these differences. c. tRNA transport amino acids to the ribosome. Which part of the tRNA molecule form a covalent link to the amino acid? And what is the name for the general class of enzymes that catalyse the...

Describe the initiation, elongation and termination phases of transcription. Include the following terms: RNA polymerase, promoter...

Describe the initiation, elongation and termination phases of transcription. Include the following terms: RNA polymerase, promoter DNA sequence, DNA template strand, terminator DNA sequence.

Both transcription and translation have Initiation, Elongation, and Termination phases. LIST and BRIEFLY DESCRIBE the major...

Both transcription and translation have Initiation, Elongation, and Termination phases. LIST and BRIEFLY DESCRIBE the major features of each (4 pts each). You may use prokaryotic or eukaryotic transcription. Transcription Initiation: Transcription Elongation: Transcription Termination: Translation Initiation: Translation Elongation: Translation Termination:

RNA processing Elongation Termination Transcription Initiation of translation Amino acid attachment

Determine whether each of the events involved in protein synthesis occurs in initiation, elongation, or termination.

Determine whether each of the events involved in protein synthesis occurs in initiation, elongation, or termination. Initiation Elongation Termination Answer Bank The small and large ribosomal subunits combine to form an initiation complex. The tRNA, mRNA, and new protein are released. The small ribosomal subunit attaches to an mRNA molecule. The ribosome moves down the mRNA strand to the next codon. An initial tRNA molecule pairs with the AUG codon of the mRNA molecule. Amino acids are transferred from tRNA molecules to the growing peptide chain. The ribosome reaches...

Bacterial translation involves a lot of factors and steps (initiation, elongation, termination, recycling, etc). Explain the...

Bacterial translation involves a lot of factors and steps (initiation, elongation, termination, recycling, etc). Explain the steps involved in a cycle of bacterial translation elongation. Specify at which steps there is an energetic requirement (e.g. ATP or GTP hydrolysis). How many ATP and GTP molecules are consumed per one cycle of bacterial translation elongation assuming that there are no mistakes?

1. Describe translational elongation in 3 basic steps. 2. Describe the termination of translation in 3...

1. Describe translational elongation in 3 basic steps. 2. Describe the termination of translation in 3 basic steps

Question