Describe what causes excitatory and inhibitory post-synaptic potentials, and how each affect a post-synaptic neuron.

Expert Solution

what causes excitatory and inhibitory post-synaptic potentials?

Excitatory post-synaptic potentials:

This is a temporary depolarization of the post-synaptic membrane caused by the flow of positively charged ions into the postsynaptic cell resulting from ligand-sensitive openings of the channels.

The excitatory postsynaptic potential is received when an excitatory presynaptic cell, which is connected to the dendrite, fires an action potential.

The excitatory postsynaptic potential increases the neurons membrane potential.

Inhibitory post-synaptic potentials:

It is a temporary hyperpolarisation of the post-synaptic membrane caused by the flow of negative ions into the postsynaptic cell.

The Inhibitory postsynaptic potentials are received when an inhibitory presynaptic cell, which is connected to the dendrite, fires an action potential.

The inhibitory postsynaptic potentials decrease the neurons membrane potentials.

How excitatory post-synaptic potentials affect a post-synaptic neuron.

The excitatory postsynaptic potential is a postsynaptic potential that makes the postsynaptic neuron more likely to fire an action potential.

When multiple excitatory post-synaptic potentials (EPSPs) occurs on a single patch of the postsynaptic membrane, their combined effect is the sum of each EPSP. Larger EPSPs result in greater depolarization of the membrane and thus increase the probability that the postsynaptic cell can reach the threshold for firing an action potential.

How Inhibitory post-synaptic potentials affect a post-synaptic neuron.

The inhibitory postsynaptic potential is a kind of synaptic potential, which makes a postsynaptic neuron less likely to produce an action potential.

Due to an inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSPs), depolarization may also happen, if the reverse potential lies between the resting threshold and the threshold for the action potential.

Sydney Mullin answered 1 year ago

Compare and contrast excitatory and inhibitory post-synaptic potentials. In your answer, address the following: How are...

Compare and contrast excitatory and inhibitory post-synaptic potentials. In your answer, address the following: How are they generated? What is the outcome? How might their size or strength be increased or decreased? Why might you want to modify synaptic strength? Provide a mechanism.

Describe how information is passed from the pre-synaptic to post-synaptic neuron in order to allow information...

Describe how information is passed from the pre-synaptic to post-synaptic neuron in order to allow information flow throughout the nervous system.

Which is FALSE about interneurons? Multiple Choice They sum excitatory and inhibitory synaptic inputs. They receive...

Which is FALSE about interneurons? Multiple Choice They sum excitatory and inhibitory synaptic inputs. They receive synaptic input from other neurons in the CNS. They deliver synaptic input on other neurons. They can transmit information between afferent neurons and efferent neurons. They make synapses on effector organs in the PNS.

If a pre-synaptic neuron released a neurotransmitter onto a post-synaptic neuron and caused potassium (K+) channels...

If a pre-synaptic neuron released a neurotransmitter onto a post-synaptic neuron and caused potassium (K+) channels to open, what effect would this have on the post-synaptic neuron? A. the post-synaptic neuron would likely generate an inhibitory post-synaptic potential (IPSP) B. the post-synaptic neuron would likely generate an excitatory post-synaptic potential C. the post-synaptic neuron would likely release a neurotransmitter D. the post-synaptic neuron would likely produce an action potential

1)Compare and contrast synaptic potentials and action potentials. How each of these encode stimulus strength. 2)Describe...

1)Compare and contrast synaptic potentials and action potentials. How each of these encode stimulus strength. 2)Describe in detail how one messenger can trigger the release of another second messenger. 3)On a molecular level, what absolutely refractory period? Can another action potentials be fired during this period? What principle of AP firing is due to the absolute refractory period?

What is the role of acetylcholinesterase at a synapse? It stimulates the post-synaptic neuron. It breaks...

What is the role of acetylcholinesterase at a synapse? It stimulates the post-synaptic neuron. It breaks down acetylcholine. It releases calcium ions. All apply.

An inhibitory post synaptic potential is a membrane potential that: A. Is slightly depolarized from resting...

An inhibitory post synaptic potential is a membrane potential that: A. Is slightly depolarized from resting membrane potential . B. Is slightly hyperpolarized from resting membrane potential C. Is a graded potential D. Both B and C

Describe how synaptic potentials show electrotonic characteristics. Describe the molecular basis of vesicle release of...

Describe how synaptic potentials show electrotonic characteristics. Describe the molecular basis of vesicle release of neurotransmitter listing and defining the roles of molecules involved.

Are excitatory graded potentials depolarizing or hyperpolarizing? What is the name for graded potentials from different...

Are excitatory graded potentials depolarizing or hyperpolarizing? What is the name for graded potentials from different stimuli adding together? Name what kind of ion channels are open and which direction the ion moves for each part of an action potential. a. Depolarization Na channels open, b. Repolarization Na channels open, c. HyperpolarizationNa channels close, Can a second action potential be sent during depolarization and the first part of repolarization? Why or why not?

An IPSP (inhibitory post-synaptic potential) occurs when a membrane becomes more permeable to ____. ATP neurotransmitters...

An IPSP (inhibitory post-synaptic potential) occurs when a membrane becomes more permeable to ____. ATP neurotransmitters sodium ions potassium ions

Question