Question

Pregnancy and childbirth both involve biological processes. However, social factors are also very influential. Describe how social factors can operate during pregnancy and childbirth.

Describe how people react to pregnant women. How might these reactions contribute to women’s emotional responses to pregnancy? Be sure to discuss both hostile and benevolent sexism

Contrast the high-tech approach to childbirth with the natural-childbirth approach. List the reasons that the natural-childbirth approach would make women feel more in control of their experience during childbirth.

Answer 1

During pregnancy and after a childbirth both are involved in biological process, as well as social factor has a great contribution during pregnancy and a childbirth. There are some social factor that can regulate during pregnancy and childbirth. These are like : Drugs or alcohol, stress, nutrition, culture, income, poverty, availability of healthy food, and health care, consumption of drug or alcohol etc. There are described all these major social and cultural factors during prenatal development :

• Culture : Cultural background is a major factor that influences in pregnancy development. Cultural factor refers family's beliefs, values, norms, tradition that strongly influences a pregnant women during pregnancy and childbirth.
• Income : Lower income of a family is highly affacts a prenant mother during prenatal development. It can help to increase stress or anxiety. And Stress or anxiety helps to release some special hormones that directly impact on baby's physical development during pregnancy.
• Availability of healthy foods : Healthy nutrients food highly required during pregnancy and it helps to promote baby's development in physical and psychological as well. During pregnancy nutrition is a reflection of children's physical and psychological structure. Apart from that, a proper healthy diet can give a positive impact on fetus growth.
• Health care :  A mother's proper health care, proper diet, adequate sleep and tension free mind helps to reduce high risk of complications and miscarriage. During pregnancy development a pregnant mother requires daily exercise, proper healthy diet, adequate sleep, try to avoid drugs or alcohol, regular consult with doctor. Apart from that interaction is a essential key in prenatal developments, because mother's psychological attitude impacts on baby's healthy development.
• Consumption of drug or alcohol : Comsumption of drug or alcohol can directly affects during pregnancy and childbirth. It has a high risk of miscarriage and also impacts on a child's brain development.