Question

1. Describe the structure of the body, from simplest to the most complex, in terms of the six levels of organization?

2. Explain the process by which a cell builds proteins using the DNA code.

3. Identify two of the four types of tissue membranes and the characteristics of each that make them functional.

Answer 1

Levels of organization :

1. atoms2. molecules 3.organelles 4.cells,  5.tissues 6.organs7. organ systems, and the human organism.

Translation and transcription:

a process by which the genetic code contained within an messenger RNA molecule is decoded to produce the specific sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain and finally to proteins is translation

Steps of protein synthesis

1The DNA gets a signal that a particular protein needs to be made and unzips that part of the code.

2. Mrna copies the part of the code that gives the instructions on how to make a protein,such as a red blood cell.

3.Once the code has been completely read, a stop signal is given and protein synthesis is complete and the protein goes to where it is needed.

Mrna takes the copied code out of the nucleus to the ribosomes.

4.The Mrna attaches the code to the ribosomes

5. The ribosomes "reads" the copied DNA code.

6. At every 3 base pairs Trna attaches a particular amino acid

These amino acids form proteins

Tissue membranes : cutaneous , serous , mucous , synovial

Mucous membrane: produce mucous lining that helps in lubrication and protectio8

Cutaneous membrane : A cutaneous membrane is a multi layered membrane composed of epithelial and connective tissues. The apical surface of this membrane exposed to the external environment and is covered with dead, keratinized cells that help protect the body from desiccation and pathogens