Question

1. Define the following terms:

a. Complex Compound

b. Complex ion

c. Ligand

d. Differentiate between a monodentate and a bidentate ligand

e. Chelates

Answer 1

a. Complex compound- In chemistry, a coordination complex consists of a central atom or ion, which is usually metallic and is called the coordination centre, and a surrounding array of bound molecules or ions, that are in turn known as ligands or complexing agents.

c. Ligands- The molecules or ions that's are attached with metalin a complex ion are called as Ligands.

b. Complex ion-A complex ion has a metal ion at its center with a number of other molecules or ions surrounding it. These can be considered to be attached to the central ion by coordinate (dative covalent) bonds

e. Chelate-

Chelate is any of a class of coordination or complex compounds consisting of a central metal atom attached to a large molecule, called a ligand, in a cyclic or ring structure.

Many commercial dyes and a number of biological substances, including chlorophyll and hemoglobin, are chelate compounds.

d.

Monodentate ligands are Lewis bases that donate a single pair ("mono") of electrons to a metal atom. Monodentate ligands can be either ions (usually anions) or neutral molecules.

Bidentate ligands are Lewis bases that donate two pairs ("bi") of electrons to a metal atom. Bidentate ligands are often referred to as chelating ligands ("chelate" is derived from the Greek word for "claw") because they can "grab" a metal atom in two places.