Question

2 In emphysema,

A forced vital capacity is reduced and peak inspiratory flow is reduced

B peak expiratory flow is reduced and peak inspiratory flow is increased

C peak expiratory flow is increased and peak inspiratory flow is increased

D forced vital capacity is reduced and peak inspiratory flow is normal

E peak expiratory flow is reduced and peak inspiratory flow is reduced

Answer 1

Correct answer will be option ( B)

Explanation::

Emphysema is a type of obstructive lung disease ,in which inhalation will not be affected but the expiration/ exhalation will affected. In this disease the lung tissue present between the air sac may get destructed ,so air sac size increases( after inhalation) due to absence of tissue between them, which results into increased amount of inhalation but have difficulty in exhalation , because tissue help in pumping was not present there which means lungs recoil will decrease,interpleural pressure will increase due to loss of lung tissue.

Normally when breathing occur ,then after inhalation air sac filled with oxygen rich blood and helps in exchange of oxygenated blood with deoxgenated ( CO2 rich) blood(during pulmonary circulation) ,but in case of Emphysema inhalation will increase but normal exchange of pure and impure blood will not occur.Here the FVC will reduce , RV will increase and peak Inspiratory rate will increase.Lungs are not able to exhale proper amount of carbodioxide rich air.So automatically residual volume will increase.

So,In emphysema peak expiratory flow rate ,FVC will reduce on the contrary peak Inspiratory flow rate and reserve volume (RV) will increase.