Question

PLEASE ANSWER ALL I HAVE AN EXAM TODAY AND THESE DONT MAKE SENSE TO ME

Hyperalbumenia may result in __levels of a drug that demonstrates strong protein binding

a) Increased

b) Decreased

c) No change is observed

When you have a patient with decreased renal function what modifications may have to be made to drug dosing

a) Increasing the dose

b) Increasing the frequency of the dose

c) Decreasing the dose

d) Decreasing the frequency of the dose

c) More than one of the above

Tachyphylaxis Is

a) type of glue found in the root of plants

B) Is a consequence of long term drug exposure

c) Is observed upon the abrupt discontinuation of chronic drug administration

D) Is a type of supersensitivity that develops very rapidly

e) Is frequently associated with the mapid depletion of neurotransmitter or other response mediators

A client with cirrhosis of the liver exhibits decreased metabolic activity. The nurse anticipates which possibile change in the client's drug regimen?

A. reduction in the dosage of drugs

B. change in the timing of medication administration

C. Increased dose of prescribed drugs

D. All prescribed drugs must be given by intramuscular injection

Answer 1

Q.1. Answer- b) decreased

Explanation- Hyperalbumenia is the condition where concentration of serum protein albumin increased at the top level and that can be demonstrated by using drug that has strong protein binding ability. When this drug is administered, due to high concentration of serum albumin maximum drug molecules are saturated with protein and low or no free drug is present in blood. As drug is strong protein binding, that is not easily dissociated from albumin and there will be decreased levels of drug in blood.

Q.2. Answer- e) more than one of above

Explanation-

c) decreasing the dose- patient with decreased renal function shows decreased clearance of active drug that shows long term higher steady state concentration of drug results in greater drug effects. So that to avoid harm during low drug clearance by drug toxicity can be reduced by decreasing the dose of drug.

d) decreasing the frequency of dose-as decreased renal function lowers drug clearance that causes long term steady concentrations of drug in body so that frequency of drug also should be reduced and that can be decided on the basis of rate of renal clearance of drug.

Q.3. Answer- B) is a consequence of long term drug exposure

Explanation- Tachyphylaxis is the rapid diminished response to drug administered successively for long time causing drug less effective. This effect generally observed in the case of drugs that acts on nervous system. The tachyphylaxis results in decreased sensitivity of receptors where receptor is consistently stimulated by drug agonist.

Q.4. Answer- A) reduction in the dosage of drugs

Explanation- In liver cirrhosis abnormal nodules and inflammation occurs that affects detoxification of drug by liver. Due to decreased hepatic drug metabolism dosage of drug should be decreased that decreases toxicity by long term steady drug concentration. Patients with liver cirrhosis are administered with oral drugs according to kinetics of drug clearance.