Question

1. what is the hypothalamus main function?

2. the frontal primary cortex controls what muscles?

3. where is vision interpreted in the brain?

4. Receptors witg large receptive fields would be located in the fingertips or torso areas?

5. what brain area regulates most homeostatic regulation?

6. Type A nociceptors provide what kind of signals?

7. Receptors will recieve string and weak stimuli. How do they reapond to the different stimuli?

8. The motor division of the PNS sends signals to what muscles?

9.What is a ganglion?

10. when a neuron reaches the membrane threshold for an action potential what happens?

11. What cells are rapidly dividing in an adult human?

12. how many ATP do you generate from one glucose molecule?

13. What is the job of the citric acid cycle?

Answer 1

1. The main function of Hypothalamus is maintenance of homeostasis through the coordination of endocrine, autonomic and somatic behaviour by linking the nervous system to the endocrine system.

2. The frontal primary cortex controls more proximal muscles (of foot, leg), hip muscles and trunk muscles.

3. Vision is interpreted in the Primary Visual Cortex present in the occipital lobe of the brain.

4. Torso areas will have large receptive fields than fingertips as larger the receptive field, lesser is the precision of perception.

5. Hypothalamus is responsible for regulation of most of the homeostasis.

6. Type A nocireceptors provide sharp, localised, stinging or pricking type of PAIN signals.

7. The most sensitive receptor cells will respond to weak stimuli. As stimulus intensity increases, less sensitive receptors also get stimulated. In this way, recruitment of receptor is done with respect to intensity of stimulus.

8. It send signals to both skeletal and smooth muscles of our body.

9. Ganglion refers to the group of neural cell bodies in Peripheral Nervous System (PNS).

10. When a neuron reaches the membrane threshold for an action potential, voltage gated sodium channel opens which causes influx of sodium ion inside axon. Thus, it leads to depolarisation. This depolarising current travels all along the neurons as action potential.

11. Labile cells such as skin cells, blood cells in bone marrow, hepatocytes, etc are rapidly dividing cells in an adult human.

12. According to new findings, it is around 30 or 32 ATP only.

13. Citric Acid Cycle oxidizes the acetyl fragment of acetyl CoA to CO2. In this process, high energy electrons are captured in the form of NADH and FADH2, which are responsible for production of energy.

Moreover, It helps in synthesis of various essential molecules through it's intermediate molecules. It is therefore a source of biosynthetic precursors.