Question

When we study the effects of chronic stress on human health, most of our chronic stress is imaginary, meaning, it's made up by our imagination and conscious thought, created by the Frontal lobe. Discuss, why frogs and lizards cannot experience chronic stress like that? In 100 words or more.

Answer 1

Chronic stress is the response to emotional pressure suffered for a prolonged period of time in which an individual perceives they have little or no control. It involves an endocrine system response in which corticosteroids are released.

Symptoms of chronic stress are:

• Acne. Acne is one of the most visible ways that stress often manifests itself. ...
• Headaches. ...
• Chronic Pain. ...
• Frequent Sickness. ...
• Decreased Energy and Insomnia. ...
• Changes in Libido. ...
• Digestive Issues. ...
• Appetite Changes

The high levels of catecholamine release during stress rapidly impair the top-down cognitive functions of the prefrontal cortex (PFC), while strengthening the emotional and habitual responses of the amygdala and basal ganglia.

Behavioral and physiological adaptive responses of animals like lizards facing chronic exposure to a single stressor may allow them to overcome its negative effects for future exposures to similar stressful situations. At chemical level, the GABAA /benzodiazepine complex is considered one of the main receptor systems involved in the modulation of stress-induced responses.

Amphibians are the most threatened class of vertebrates on the planet and represent a taxon extensively impacted by activities dominating the Anthropocene. Anthropogenic factors have been implicated in amphibian declines, including environmental pollutants, infectious diseases, and their interactions. For instance, chytridiomycosis, the disease caused by the fungal pathogen, Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), has caused major declines and possibly extinctions of hundreds of amphibian species in the last half century .