Question

1. n a short one half page essay, briefly describe TCP/IP. What is it? When was it introduced? Why is it called a suite? What is a Request for Comment (RFC)?
2. Create a table showing the five standards organizations involved with TCP/IP. Include in the table:                     Name                     Brief History                        Responsibilities              Website URL

Answer 1

Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol allows computers to communicate across great distances. TCP/IP breaks down the message into packets and sent. They’re reassembled on the receiver’s side. The IP layer is lower layer acts as an address manager where it makes sure the packet gets delivered to the right destination, higher layer is responsible in delivering the packets and the connection between sender and receiver is first made and then the transaction takes place. It is stateless. It has four layers, namely Application layer, Transport layer, Internet layer, Link layer.

Application layer:

The user interaction takes place here, all the sending and checking messages is handled here.

Transport layer:

It’s responsible for providing a reliable data connection. Where sending and receiving of packets are acknowledged and confirmed.

Internet layer:

It’s responsible in controlling how the packets move around the network

Link layer:

It’s the medium used to send the packets which is physical such as wireless network, Ethernet cable.

This protocol was developed in 1970s and is introduced on January 1, 1983 as the adoption of ARPANET. It’s called a suite as has a number of protocols in each layer mentioned which are used across the internet. Request for Comments is a formal documents which has all the technologies and protocols used by the TCP/IP and internet. The submission is done through Internet Engineering Task Force(IETF)

Name	History	Responsibility	URL
Internet Engineering Task Force(IETF)	Formed in 1986	High quality maintenance Develops a network protocol using RFC	www.ietf.org
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers(IEEE)	Formed in USA in 1963	Maintains networking standards in wireless LAN, Ethernet, etc.	www.ieee.org
Internet Society	Formed in 1992	Development of internet Technology Promotes the development and usage which serves the needs and benefits of all	www.internetsociety.org
World Wide Web Consortium	Formed in 1994	To promote usage and development of protocols and technologies related to the web	www.w3.org
Internet Assigned Numbers Authority	Formed in 1988	Internet protocol resources IP addressing	www.iana.org

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