Question

In: Anatomy and Physiology

Q1. What type of compensation would you expect in a patient with metabolic alkalosis? A.) A...

Q1. What type of compensation would you expect in a patient with metabolic alkalosis?

A.) A compensatory respiratory acidosis caused by a decrease in respiratory rate.

B.) A compensatory metabolic acidosis caused by an increase loss of bicarbonate in the urine

C.) A compensatory alkalosis caused by an increased loss of H+ in the urine.

D. A compensatory respiratory alkalosis caused by an increase in respiratory rate.

Q2. Bicarbonate is reabsorbed into the epithelial cells of the proximal convoluted tubule as?

A. CO2

B. H2CO3

C. HCO3-

D. Carbonic anhydrase

Q3. What drives +/H+ antiport on the apical membrane of the proximal kidney tubule?

A. The action of aldosterone

B. The Na+/k+ pump on the basolateral membrane of the proximal kidney tubule

C. The osmotic gradient between the filtrate and intersitial space of the proximal tubule.

D. Secondary active transport.

Q4. Which is false regarding Glomerular filtration rate.

A. It is influenced by cardiac output

B. GFR is influenced by blood volume

C. Urine vol. is not an indicator of GFR

D. GFR is the volume in milliliters of filtrate produced by the kindneys per minute

Solutions

Expert Solution

1. )

A compensatory respiratory acidosis caused by a decrease in the respiratory rate we can expect in a patient with metabolic alkalosis.

Answer - A.) A compensatory respiratory acidosis caused by a decrease in respiratory rate.

Blood pH increases In metabolic alkalosis due to the excess level of HCO3 ions in the blood. In this case, the body tries to decrease the pH level by increasing pCO2 in blood.
To start the compensate process body decreases the respiratory rate which results in carbon dioxide retention in the lungs, which helps to increses blood pCO2 level.

Bicarbonate is reabsorbed into the epithelial cells of the proximal convoluted tubule as Carbon dioxide (CO2)

Answer - A. CO2

In renal tubules Bicarbonate form carbonic acid(H2CO3) by reacting with H+ ions, Then again carbonic acid(H2CO3) broken due to carbonic anhydrase (an enzyme) to Carbon dioxide (CO2) and Water. Carbon dioxide (CO2) reabsorbed into the epithelial cells of the proximal convoluted tubule which again forms carbonic acid(H2CO3) by mixing with water.

Urine volume is not an indicator of GFR is false regarding the Glomerular filtration rate.

Answer - C. Urine vol. is not an indicator of GFR

Urine volume is an indicator of GFR, Changes in glomerular filtration rate can influence the urine output.

I think Question 3 is not complete,

Sydney Mullin answered 10 months ago

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