What are the adaptations of hydrothermal vents? What are the major biotic interactions? What are the...

What are the adaptations of hydrothermal vents? What are the major biotic interactions? What are the dominant life forms? The global distribution of hydrothermal vents?

Expert Solution

Adaptations are as follows:-

Many microorganisms are adapted to high temperature
Development of strategies to protect themselves from toxins such as hydrogen sulphide and heavy metals
Animals are adapted to live in symbiotic relationship with sulfo-oxidizing and methanogenic bacteria
Primary producers of energy are adapted to become chimiolitho- autotrophic bacteria

Major biotic interactions:-

Symbiotic relationship between animals and microorganisms such as bacteria
Vent crabs prey on mollusks,snails etc
Hydrothermal vent Eelpout fish preys amphipods and crustaceans

Dominant life form of hydrothermal vents are microorganisms

Most abundant animal is tube worm

Global distribution:-

Found along earth's plate boundaries
Also found at hotspot volcanoes
These are atleast 11 biogeographic provinces few of which are as follows:-

Mid Atlantic ridge
East pacific rise
South of Easter microplate
Northeast pacific rise
Indian ocean province ETC

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