Question

Discuss ideas for increasing the # of people receiving tx for mental illness.

Discuss 3 trends of mental health care in the U.S.

Provide three different concerns nursing students might have as they begin psychiatric nursing clinical experiences.

Answer 1

1.

These include social and economic disadvantage and deprivation, low levels of education, unemployment or insecure employment, discrimination and violence. Mental health in turn impacts on issues such as alcohol and substance misuse, abuse and gender-based violence.

The numbers are even higher for people in jail, where one-third have been previously diagnosed with major depressive disorder and almost one-quarter with bipolar disorder. Several psychologists are focused on keeping people with mental health problems out of correctional facilities. Among them is Robert Morgan, PhD, a psychology professor at Texas Tech University in Lubbock who is testing a new prison-based program that helps inmates learn to avoid behaviors that may lead to re­incarceration after they are released. Morgan’s ideas were born out of years of clinical work in prisons, where he witnessed the struggles people faced, especially those with mental illness. In federal and state prisons at both minimum and supermaximum levels of security, he saw that people with mental illness were at increased risk of victimization, psychiatric rehospitalization and criminal recidivism. They also had trouble adjusting to the institutional environment, and often their psychiatric symptoms worsened.

2. Here are 5 trends you will see at the forefront of behavioral health this year.

• Popping CBT Instead of Opioids
• Finding Your Rhythm
• Getting Comfortable with Cannabis
• Eating Your Way Out of Alzheimer's
• Increasing Data Consumption... in Moderation

Analysis of a recent national increase in outpatient mental health service use shows that adults with less serious psychological distress accounted for most of the absolute increase, while those with serious psychological distress experienced a larger relative increase in service use.

Importance

Reports of a recent increase in US outpatient mental health care raise questions about whether it has been driven by rising rates of psychological distress and whether mental health treatment has become either more or less focused on people with higher levels of distress.

Objective

To characterize national trends in serious psychological distress and trends in outpatient mental health service use by adults with and without serious psychological distress.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Annual national trends in the percentages of adults with serious psychological distress (Kessler 6 scale score ≥13), outpatient mental health service use (outpatient visit with a mental disorder diagnosis, psychotherapy visit, or psychotropic medication), and type of psychotropic medication use (antidepressants, anxiolytics/sedatives, antipsychotics, mood stabilizers, and stimulants). Age- and sex-adjusted odds ratios of the associations of survey period with the odds of serious psychological distress, outpatient mental health service use, and outpatient mental health service use were stratified by level of psychological distress.

3.

Although some research has examined student stress in the beginning of a clinical course, few studies have focused on the stress of clinical practice at the completion of a course.

Clinical nursing problems selected for inquiry are generally those encountered in nursing practice and those that deal with modalities of patient care such as support, comfort, prevention of trauma, promotion of recovery, health screening, appraisal and/or assessment, health education, and coordination of health care.

The main three main concerns are:

1. factors related to the student,
2. factors related to the clinical supervisor, and
3. factors related to the clinical environment.

Factors related to the student

• Ethical Consideration.
• Lack of knowledge and experience.
• Negative view of mental illness.

Factors related to the clinical supervisor

• Clinical Supervisor Facilitating Experience Helping role.
• Preclinical exposure preparation.

Factors related to the clinical environment.

• Clinical Environment being welcomed on the ward.