Question

2.Briefly describe the major Mosquito borne viral disease and theirs vectors

Answer 1

2. Mosquito is one of the most common vector that carries various pathogens which causes life threatening diseases.
Malaria acts as a vector for variety of viral diseases. Some of the important diseases are as follows:

- Dengue : Dengue is a viral disease caused by bite of aedes mosquito. Mosquito bite results in entry of the virus into the host blood. The virus attacks the WBC and replicates within the cell. Infected WBC provokes an inflammatory response by releasing cytokines and interferons resulting in symptoms such as high fever, headache, nausea, vomiting, bone and joint pain. Dengue may cause severe symptoms such as resuced platelet count, bleeding and low blood pressure.
- Yellow fever : it is tropical viral fever caused by bite of aedes aegypti. The virus enters the host through bite of infected mosquito and replicates within the lymph nodes and affects the drndritic cells. From their it travels to the liver and causes damage to hepatocytes. The symptoms include fever, headache, backache and body aches, abdominal pain, vomiting. Liver and kidney damage also occurs.
- Chikungunya  : Chikungunya is a viral fever caused by bite of aedes aegyptia and aedes albopictus mosquito. It causes high fever, joint pain and swelling, muscle aches, rashes.
- Zika fever : Zika fever is caused by zika virus and the vector for the disease is aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus. It causes symptoms of fever, headache, joint pain and maculopapular rash. The virus can transmit from pregnant mother to baby and result in microcephaly malformation.
- West Nile fever : it is caused by bite of culex mosquito that carries west nile virus. The disease results in fever, headache, vomiting and rash. It may damage the blood brain barrier and affect the nervous system resulting in confusion, seizures and neck stiffness.