In: Anatomy and Physiology
1) Shoulder gridle:
*Muscles- Serratus anterior, pectoralis minor, elevator scapula, rhomboids and trapezius.
* Movement- Depression and elevation, upward rotation and downward rotation, abduction and adduction.
*Type of Contraction: Concentric contraction.
2) Shoulder joint:
* Muscles: Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor and subscapularis.
* Movement: Adduction, abduction, flexion, extension, internal rotation, external rotation, 360 degrees circumduction, rotation.
* Type of contraction: Eccentric contraction.
3) Elbow:
* Muscles: Biceps brachii, triceps brachii, Brachioradialis, Anconeus, Brachialis, pronator trees.
* Movement: Flexion and extension.
* Type of contraction: Concentric and Eccentric muscle contractions.
4) Wrist:
* Muscles: Flexor pollicis longus, flexor digitorum superficialis, flexor carpi ulnaris, flexor carpi radials, extensor digitorum communis, extensor carpi ulnaris, extensor carpi radialis
* Movement: Flexion, extension, addiction, abduction.
* Type of contraction: Eccentric contraction.
5) Trunk and spine:
* Muscles: Rectus abdominis, internal and external obliques, quadratus lamborum, multifidus, sternocleido mastoid and erector spine.
* Movement: Lateral flexion.
* Type of contraction: Concentric and eccentric contractions.
6) Hip:
* Muscles: Gluteus maximus muscle, gluteus medium muscle, gluteus minimus muscle, Iliopsoas, Quadratus femoris muscle, Obturator internus muscle, Piriformis muscle, inferior gemellus muscle, Superior gemellus muscle.
* Movement: Flexion and extension, abduction and adduction, external or lateral rotation, internal or medial rotation.
* Type of contraction: Flexion.
7) Knee:
* Muscles: Quadriceps, hamstrings, vastly laterals, vastus intermedius, cactus medialis and rectus femoris.
* Movement: Flexion and extension.
* Type of contraction: Eccentric contraction.
8) Ankle:
* Muscles: Gastrocnemius, soleus, tibialis posterior, tibialis anterior, peroneus longus, peroneus brevis, flexor hallucis longus, flexor digitorum longus, extensor hallucis longus, extensor digitorus longus.
* Movement: plantar flexion and dorsi flexion.
* Type of contraction: Concentric contraction.