Question

power for free throw

list muscles, there movement, and there type of contraction for each joint listed

shoulder girdle

shoulder joing

elbow

wrist

trunk and spine

hip

knee

ankle

Answer 1

List muscles, their movement, and their type of contraction for each joint listed

Muscles,their movement and their type of contraction of a joint  : Muscles are elastic tissue that pulls our bones when we move ; movements of joints occur when bones slide or rotate around each other ; contraction refers to the change in size or shape of muscles.

1. Shoulder girdle :

Muscle : pectoralis minor muscle., rhomboid muscles,levator scapulae muscle,serratus anterior muscle,trapezius muscle

Movement: flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, rotation and circumduction.

Contraction: (a) Pectoralis muscle contracts to produce abduction and downward rotation of scapula (shoulder blade)

(b) The serratus anterior contracts to produce abduction

2. Shoulder joint :

Muscle : infraspinatus, subscapularis, teres minor,supraspinatus

Movement: abduction, 360° circumduction, flexion,adduction,external rotation

Contraction: Contraction of clavicular part of deltoid results in flexion movement,contraction of middle part of deltoid results in abduction,contraction of scapular part of deltoid results in extension

3. Elbow :

Muscle : biceps brachii, pronator teres, pronator quadratus, triceps brachii, brachioradialis, brachialis, and anconeus

Movement: flexion, forearm rotation and extension

Contraction: The biceps and brachialis contract to produce flexion

4. Wrist :

Muscle :  flexor pollicis longus, flexor digitorum superficialis, flexor carpi ulnaris, flexor carpi radialis, extensor digitorum communis, extensor carpi ulnaris and the extensor carpi radialis muscles

Movement: flexion, extension, adduction and abduction

Contraction: The extensor carpi radialis longus, extensor carpi radialis brevis, and extensor carpi ulnaris muscles contracts to cause extentsion ,the radialis muscles contracts to produce abduction, the ulnaris contracts to prosude adduction

5. Trunk and Spine :

Muscle : internal and external obliques, multifidus, quadratus lumborum, rectus abdominus, sternocleidomastoid,erector spinae.

Movement:

Spine :Lateral flexion, Spinal rotation, Reduction, spinal felxion , spinal extension

Trunk : lumbar flexion, Lumbar Extension,Lumbar Lateral Flexion

Contraction: quadratus lumborum and multifidus muscles contract and produce extension and rotation of the vertebral column.

6. Hip :

Muscle : iliopsoas, rectus femoris, sartorius, pectineus ,gluteus maximus; semimembranosus, semitendinosus, biceps femoris , gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, piriformis and tensor fascia latae

Movement: Flexion,Extension ,Abduction ,Adduction,Lateral rotation,Medial rotation

Contraction:

1. Iliopsoas, rectus femoris, sartorius, pectineus contracts to produce flexion

2. Gluteus maximus; semimembranosus, semitendinosus and biceps femoris contracts to produce extension

3. Gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, piriformis and tensor fascia latae contracts to produce abduction

4. Adductors longus, brevis and magnus, pectineus and gracilis contracts to produce adduction

7. Knee :

Muscle :  quadriceps femoris, hamstrings, gracilis,sartorius,popliteus ,biceps femoris,semimembranosus, semitendinosus

Movement: Extension,Flexion,Lateral rotation,Medial rotation

Contraction: quadriceps femoris contracts to produce extension ; hamstrings, gracilis, sartorius and popliteus contracts to produce flexion ;biceps femoris contracts to produce lateral rotation

8. Ankle :

Muscle : gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris ,posterior tibialis ,tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus ,extensor digitorum longus

Movement: Plantarflexion, Dorsiflexion

Contraction:

• gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris and posterior tibialis muscles contract to produce planatarflexion

• tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus and extensor digitorum longus muscles contract to produce dorsiflexion.