Mesalamine is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medication (NSAID), sometimes used for symptoms of inflammatory bowel disease. This...

Mesalamine is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medication (NSAID), sometimes used for symptoms of inflammatory bowel disease. This type of medication also poses a risk to the GI tract. What is that risk and why does it occur?

Expert Solution

Mesalamine is an Non Steroidal Anti Inflammatory Drug (NSAIDs) which reduces the production of inflammatory prostaglandins from arachidonic acid by blocking the cyclooxygenase enzyme and hence controls the symptoms of Inflammatory Bowel Disease like Ulcerative colitis. Cyclooxygenase enzyme is of two types COX 1 and COX 2. Both COX 1 and COX 2 produces prostaglandins but COX 1 produces prostaglandins which protects the stomach and intestinal lining and hence it is good (physiologic). Mesalamine inhibits both COX 1 and COX 2 and hence it stops the production of both physiologic prostaglandins and inflammatory prostaglandins.

The physiologic prostaglandins available in the body are known as endogenous prostaglandins (PGE2) which plays a major role in gastric mucosal integrity and also modulates the various functions of gastro intestinal tract such as acid secretion, bicarbonate secretion, mucus production, mucosal blood flow. Hence these prostaglandins have cytoprotective action in the GI tract. These prostaglandins protect the GI tract against necrotizing agents, NSAIDs and stress.

Since Mesalamine inhibits physiologic prostaglandins also hence it poses a risk to GI tract as it has got the risk of causing abdominal pain, abdominal cramps, abdominal discomfort, diarrhoea, increased acid in stomach, increased acid reflux, nausea, vomiting, burping & flatulence.

Sydney Mullin answered 1 year ago

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