Question

Unit5 : PROBLEM SOLVING AND DECISION MAKING

1- Define:

e. Information.

f. A management information system (MIS).

g. Creativity.

2- Describe the PDCA cycle as model to solve problem.(Fig 1 294).

3- Describe the Toyota method for problem solving.(Fig 3-296).

4- Define the decision-making model.(fig 4-299)

5- What is the problem caused by information overload?

6- What is the Creative Process? and How to Help People Think Creatively?

Answer 1

e. Information is anything that provides data, facts or any material about something or someone that helps us gain knowledge about them. Information is gathered through an investigation or study. In technological terms, it is data that represents attributes. A collection of such data forms information. It is something that is received or communicated regarding a fact or situation to bring an outcome such as a decision, solution or conclusion.

f. Management information systems are hardware and software systems in the computer that helps to integrate the organization's operations by gathering data from multiple systems, creating information, analysing the information helping organization use it for decision making. It provides up to date information of various departments of the organization which have to be considered while making a decision for the organization. All this data is stored in the MIS software and made available to the managers to help them make decisions based on it.

g. Creativity is to generate something from imaginations and ideas and present it as real. Creativity is important anywhere where growth and progress happens. Ideas and thoughts allow people to be creative by looking at things in a new or different way. When in organizations a salesman can be sucessful in selling his products or production unit can work efficiently if they possess creative minds which makes do simple things differently and more effectively.