Question

Can you provide an example of hypothesis testing in quantitative research and one in qualitative research?

Answer 1

Hypothesis testing is all about making inferences about population parameters. The hypothesis you create is about the population and the hypothesis testing allows you to use sample data to determine if your claim about the population is consistent with your sample data. Computing a p-value is part of this process.  

we describe the four steps of hypothesis testing :

Step 1: State the hypotheses.

Step 2: Set the criteria for a decision.

Step 3: Compute the test statistic.

Step 4: Make a decision.

Example  of hypothesis testing in quantitative research :

Templer and Tomeo (2002) reported that the population mean score on the quantitative portion of the Graduate Record Examination (GRE) General Test for students taking the exam between 1994 and 1997 was 558 . Suppose we select a sample of 100 participants (n = 100). We record a sample mean equal to 585 (M = 585). Compute the one–independent sample z test for whether or not we will retain the null hypothesis (m = 558) at a .05 level of significance (a = .05).

Step 1: State the hypotheses. The population mean is 558, and we are testing whether the null hypothesis is (=) or is not (≠) correct:

H0 : m = 558 Mean test scores are equal to 558 in the population.

H1 : m ≠ 558 Mean test scores are not equal to 558 in the population.

Step 2:

Set the criteria for a decision. The level of significance is .05, which makes the alpha level alpha = .05

so z-table value using statistical table = 1.96

3)

4)

Step 4: here zcal= 1.94 < z-table value so we accept the null hypothesis and conclude that   558 Mean test scores are equal to 558 in the population.

so this way you can perform z-test to compare means. this is the example of quantitative testing of hypothesis.

2) qualitative research

The Chi-Square Test is used in qualitative research hypothesis testing.

The Chi-Square Test of Independence determines whether there is an association between categorical variables (i.e., whether the variables are independent or related). It is a nonparametric test.

Example

Here I want check is the online shopping is depends upon gender.

Here i have two variables gender and likes online shopping both are categorical.

so

my hypothsis are

Ho = gender and online shopping are not independent.

H1= gender and online shopping are independent.

3)

conclusion :

If chi-square cal value is greater than chi-sqaure table value the we reject the null hypothesis and conclude that gender and online shopping are independent.