Question

In: Chemistry

Part A: Rank these transition metal ions in order of decreasing number of unpaired electrons. If...

Part A:

Rank these transition metal ions in order of decreasing number of unpaired electrons. If two ions have the same number of unpaired electrons, overlap them such that the two appear in a single column:

V3+, Mn4+, Ni2+, Fe3+, Cu+

Consider the following vanadium species. Arrange them in order of strongest to weakest oxidizing agent:

[V(H2O)6]2+, [V(H2O)6]3+, [V(H2O)4O]2+, VO43−

Solutions

Expert Solution

The decreasing order of unpaired electrons is Fe3+, Mn4+, (V3+ = Ni2+), Cu+

V3+ is 1s22s22p63s23p63d2and has 2 unpaired electrons

Mn4+ is 1s22s22p63s23p63d3and has 3 unpaired electrons

Ni2+ is 1s22s22p63s23p63d8  and has 2 unpaired electrons

Fe3+ is 1s22s22p63s23p63d5 and has 5 unpaired electrons

Cu+ is 1s22s22p63s23p63d10 and has 0 unpaired electrons

The strongest to weakest oxidizing agents are VO43- , [V(H2O)6]3+ , [V(H2O)6]2+ = [V(H2O)4]2+

[V(H2O)6]3+ Oxidation state on V = 3+
[V(H2O)4]2+ Oxidation state on V = 2+
[V(H2O)6]2+ Oxidation state on V = 2+
VO43- Oxidation state on V = 5+


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