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Chapter 21: Helminth Parasites and Arthropod Vectors 1. What are the three major taxa for the...

Chapter 21: Helminth Parasites and Arthropod Vectors

1. What are the three major taxa for the parasitic worms we studied? 2. What are the distinguishing features of these taxa? 3. What is an exemplar of each taxon? How is it transmitted? What are potential complications? What is the geographical distribution? 4. Are there alternate hosts? If so, what are they? 5. What are the two taxa of arthropods that are involved in human/animal disease?

Solutions

Expert Solution

1. The three taxa of parasitic worms are

Nematodes
Cestodes
Trematodes

2. 1)Trematodes

Trematodes are characterized by an unsegmented plane for body shape.
They also lack a body cavity and have a tegument for body covering.
The digestive tube for trematodes ends in the cecum.
Trematodes are hermaphroditic
They utilize oral suckers, ventral suckers or acetabulum for attachment organs.

2)Nematodes

Nematodes are characterized by a cylindrical body shape
They have a body cavity. Its body covering is a cuticle.
The digestive tube ends in the anus.
They are dioecious .
Their attachment organs are lips, teeth, filariform extremities and dentary plates.

3)Cestodes

They lack a body cavity and have a tegument body covering.
They lack a digestive tube
hermaphroditic.
They utilize suckers or bothridia, and rostellum with hooks as organs of attatchment

3. the examples are

Cestodes: tapeworm

Spreads through contaminated food and water

The complications are pancreatitis,intestinal obstructions,defective assimilation and associated deficiency disorders

Commonly seen in the asian countries

Nematodes:Schistostoma

Transmission is through contaminated food and water.The parasites penetrate human skin to enter the bloodstream and migrate to the liver, intestines and other organs.

The complications are GI bleeding, GI obstruction,hemmaturia,renal failure etc

geographical distribution is tropical and subtropical countries.

Trematodes : Ascaris

The transmission is through the contaminated food and water containing the ascaris eggs (orofecal transmisssion)

The major complications are intestinal obstruction,Ductal blockages and nutritional deficiencies

The disease has a worldwide distribution with a major share in the tropical and subtropical countries

gladiator answered 1 year ago

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