Question

Chapter 19: The Baroque Style in Western Europe

21. What happened to the country of the Netherlands at the beginning of the Baroque period?

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22. Who was responsible for the phrase “I think therefore I am”?

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23. What two superstitions were prevalent in some religious movements?

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24. What city became the center of the art world during the Baroque period and remains as the most influential city until World War II? _________________________________________________________

25. What two items did Bernini add to St. Peter’s Cathedral in Rome?

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26. Who was Bernini’s greatest rival? _____________________________________________________________________________________

27. According to the “yellow box” what did Louis XIV, the King of France, do to control the arts?

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28. What were the two major subjects in the Royal Academy as noted in the reference to a “hierarchy” of subject matter?

_________________________________________and_________________________________________

29. What is the definition of mysticism? (You will need to use a dictionary…and rewrite the definition in your own words)

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30. Who was the leading painter in Italy in the Baroque period and what was his nickname?

Name________________________________________________________________________________

Nickname_____________________________________________________________________________

31. What was the artistic technique developed by Caravaggio as noted in his painting titled, The Calling of Saint Matthew? _____________________________________________________________________

32. According to the information included by the photo of the painting, The Calling of Saint Matthew, what was the sport that Caravaggio was arguing over when he killed another man? (Circle the sport)

Polo Croquet Tennis Badminton Yard Bowling

33. What was so unusual, at least for the time, about Caravaggio’s follower Artemisia Gentileschi?

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34. What were three of the many obstacles for women who wanted to be artists? (Read the yellow box titled “Women as Artists”)

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35. Who was the primary patron of the arts in Flanders?

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36. Rubens “full figured” women were, for many, a parallel/symbol of what?

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37. Who was the primary patron of the artists in Holland?

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38. Who “invented” the modern art market and how did he do it?

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39. What is the more well known title of the painting “The Militia Company of Captain Frans Banning Cocq?”

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40. How many paintings did Jan Vermeer complete in his career?

Answer 1

Ans. 21 The word Boroque is derived from the Portuguese barroco which means Oddly shaped pearl. This word has been widely used since the 19^th century to describe the period in western European art music. This form of music influenced Netherlands as well as western Europe.

Ans.22 Cogito ergo sum is a Latin philosophical proposition by René Descartes usually translated into English as "I think, therefore I am”. The only thing that remains true that there is a mind or consciousness doing the doubting and believing its perceptions, hence the famous formulation, 'I think therefore I am'

Ans.23 Superstition is the term refers to any beliefs or practice that is considered irrational.

a-   Music

b-   Art form

Ans.24 The German city Frauenkirche or Dresden became the center of the art during the Baroque period.

Ans.25 Gian Lorenzo Bernini was an Italian sculpture artist and most famous for his work of Baroque, he added two main items to St. Cathedral in Rome were:

1-   Saint longinus completed in 1638

2-   Saint Peter’s Baldachin in 1634

Ans. 26 Francesco Borromini was the greatest rival of Bernini.

Ans.27 Louis' minister Jean-Baptiste Colbert established royal control over artisanal production in France; so that France would no longer purchase luxury goods from abroad, but would, herself, set the standard for quality. This control was also seen in the creation of an academy of painting and sculpture.

Ans. 28-

The Academic Hierarchy of the Genres.

Subject matter- Ranking and type

Ans. 29 The term "mysticism" has Ancient Greek origins with various historically determined meanings referred "to conceal. This word belong to the union with Absolute or with God. Mysticism is found every religion for the purpose of infinite act of God.

Ans. 30- Name- Michelangelo Merisi

Nick name- Caravaggio

Ans. 31- In this painting, the gloom and the canvassed window appears to situate the table indoors. Christ brings the true light to the dark space of the sitting tax-collectors. This painting records the collision of two worlds — the ineluctable power of the immortal faith

Ans. 32- tennis

Ans. 33- She was known for being able to convincingly depict the female figure, anywhere between nude and fully clothed.

Ans. 34-

1-       Isolation from wider artistic communities

2-       Male dominant arts

3-       No social support

Ans. 35- Catholic Church was the primary patron of the art of Flanders.

Ans. 36- Movements, colours and sensuality

Ans. 37- Rembrandt van Rijn (1606–69)

Ans. 38- the modern art was invented by Picasso,

Ans. 39- The Night Watch

Ans. 40- Jan Vermeer (1632–75) left a very small number of pictures—no more than thirty-five in all.