Question

Research the major developmental theorists, Freud and Erikson from your readings in Chapter 1 and Chapter 2.

Step 2: Using your supportive findings and information from your assigned readings, write a 1-2 page paper on the following:

Compare and Contrast Freud and Erikson's developmental theories

Include each of their stages of development.

Discuss the major characteristics associated with each stage of development.

Explain which theory you feel is more favorable.

Include 3-5 references to support your stance and findings.

Answer 1

Q.1 Freud's psychosexual theory emphesizes the importance of basic needs and biological forces while Erikson pshchosocial theory is based upon social and environmental factors.

Erikson also expands his theory into adulthood while Freud theory ends at an earlier period

Erikson also believed that personality develops in stages while Freud theory was based on psychosexual stages Erikson theort describe the impact of social experiences across an idividual life span.

Erikson theory emphesised how both early and late experiences are equally important to a person develpment and how personality continued to develop beyond puberty. Where as Freud would argue that most development took place during the earlier period of the individual's life .

Freud theory consist 5 stages and he does not expand any further than puberty but Erikson first few stages of theory are slightly similar to that of Freud stage one to three. Erikson also expend his stage to eight.

Q . 2.The two theories of development both focus on the importance of early experience but there are notable differences between Freud's and Erikson's ideas. Freuid centered on the importance of feeding while Erikson was more concerned with how responsive caretakers are to a child's needs.

Freud theory :- The first stage of psychosexual development is known as the oral stage. At the point in development a child priamary source of pleasure is through the mouth via sucking eating and tasting.

Erikson theory :- Trust vs mistrust is the first stage in this theory of psychosocial development. During this stage child learn to either trust or mistrust their caregiver. The care that adults provide determines whether children devlop this sense of trust in the world around them. Children who do not receive adequate and dependable care may develop a sense of mistrust of others and the world.

Freud theory :- the second stage is known as anal stage. In this stage child gain mastery and competence by controlling bladder and bowel movements.

Erikson theory :- Autonomy vs shame and doubt is the second stage. In this stage child vecome more mobile. They develop self sufficiency by controlling activities such as eating toilet training and talking.

Freud theory :- the third stage is known as the phallic stage.

In thus stage child's libido energy is focused on the the genitals. He become aware about anotomic sex differences.

Erikson theory :- Erikson third stage is initiative cs guilt stage . The child began to take more control on their environment. They begin to intrect other child.

Freud theory :- fourth stage is latent period. Libido in this stage is suppressed and child busy in other activities such as their hobbies.

Erikson theory:- industry vs inferiority , in this stage child develop a sense of competence by mastering new skills .

Freud theory :- this is genital stage in which child begain to make romantic relationships.

Erikson theory :- identity vs role confision is fifth stagein which adolescent develop personal identity and sense of self .

Freud theory :- largely focus on period between birth and adolescence, implying that personality is largely set in stone by early childhood.

Erikson theory :- it took a life span approach believing that development continue even in old age.

Q. 3 I thing Frued theory is more favourable because it emphasizes the importance of basic needs and biological forces but Erikson theory based upon social and environmental factors. And we know that events in our childhood have a great influence on our adult lives and shaping our personality so Freud theory is more favourable.

  As we also know that each of us must pass through a series of stages during childhood as Frued also said and if we lack proper nuturing and parenting during a stage we may become stuck in or fixed on that stage.