Question

Write a descriptive essay (1 –2 pages) explaining the importance of the study of the biological aspects of the individual related with the ability for adaptation of the human species.

Answer 1

The biological aspects are severely related to the capability of adaptation of the human species. This is the reason that scientists discussed about the events from the beginning of humanity, its existence, appearance and successive evolution for a long time. It has been scientifically proven that after the appearance of human on the planet has evolved and adapted to their environment as a social being.

For many centuries, scientists have thought that the species were non-mutable and were created as fixity. In 1859, according to the theory of biological evolution by Charles Darwin, the species were not fixed and subject to gradual changes over time. This would lead to new species. The species can mutate and adapt to their environment through a process of survival. Thanks to evolutionary advantages, this struggle may be random or brutal, however the best technique for adaptation to the ecosystem.

According to a study published in the journal Science exposed that the explosion of life on earth happened about 520 million years ago and was the result of a combination of interrelated factors rather than a single event. Two theories which explained the biological evolution: Gradualism from Darwinism and saltacionism.

Since it was proved that various forms of life appeared in the Cambrian explosion and apparent absence of forms of transition of some species, Stephan Jay Gould proposed the theory of punctuated equilibrium.

The fossil records show that species remain stable for a long time and then started disappearing. On many occasions, evolutionary radiation leads to manifestation of a large number of species suddenly and removes the intermediate forms. This peculiarity has been justified by gradualism and alleges that the fossil records are incomplete. Shuhai Xiao explains that the Cambrian explosion refers to the sudden appearance of the majority of species between 542 and 520 million years ago. While the animal as in modern oceans, most species were not so numerous live animals groups were represented in the Cambrian oceans.

The explosive evolutionary pattern was a worry for Charles Darwin, because evolution occurs at a slow and steady pace. The perception of Darwin was represented by an inverted Cone, with increasingly broad range of morphological characteristics. However the fossil record of the Cambrian explosion is best represented as a cylinder with a morphological radiation at the base and morphological restriction after. Later, Michal Kowalewski clarified that evidences were not found and biological evolution was progressing smoothly. The accelerated rates characterise early evolution.

On the basis of intellectual design, the species may have adapted. Michael Behe describes the phenomenon of design, inherent in molecular machines such as engine bacterial flagellar, a system composed of several interrelated. Some evolutionary scientists refuse to accept the inference of design and intelligence in the creation. After his appearance on planet Earth as part of this process of evolution-adaptation, the human being is quickly adjusted to its habitat and developed not only as individual but also as a social being.

And undoubtedly, the human capacities have endorsed its survival as a species. Martinex said that man is a social being, and possesses social relations. Some of these are very important for the development of its existence. Also, human beings has been adapting to its surroundings. The adaptive process involves humanity. Biological adaptation also includes physiological process or behaviour that has also been evolved over a period of time. The random process of natural selection increases its expectation in the long run to reproduce successfully and survive.