Question

Please fill out the definition of each term

1.            Antigen presentation 


2.            Antigen presenting cell (APC) 


3.            Antigen receptor 


4.            Adaptive immunity 


5.            Adjuvant 


6.            Afferent 


7.            Affinity maturation 


8.            Allele 


9.            Allelic exclusion 


10.        Anergy 


11.        Antibody 


12.        Antibody isotype (class) 


13.        Antibody isotype (class) switching -- class switch recombination 


14.        Antigen (Ag) 


15.        B cell receptor (BCR) 


16. CD4

17. CD8

18. Cell-mediated immunity

19. Chemokine

20. Chemotaxis

21. Cluster of differentiation (CD)

22. Commensal organism

23. Complement (C')

24. Complementarity determining regions (CDRs)

25. Co-receptor

26. Cytokine

27. DAMP

28. Dendritic cell

29. Effector cell

30. Effector molecule

Answer 1

Ans. 1 Antigen presentation: It is a process where the antigen would form a complex with major histocompatibility complexes on surface of an antigen.

2 Antigen presenting cell: These are a heterogeneous groups of immune cells which mediate the immune response through processing and presenting antigens to lymphocytes.

3 Antigen receptor: It is an antibody protein which are anchored to the B cells for eliciting an immune response.

4. Adaptive immunity: These are acquired immune system is a subsystem of overall immune system which is composed of specialized cells and process which eliminate pathogens.

5. Adjuvant: An adjuvant is a pharmacological agent which modifies the effect of the other agents. These are added to a vaccine to boost up the response of the respective vaccine.

6. Afferent: It is a part of the nerve cell body which carries action potential from sensory neurones to the central nervous system.

7. Affinity maturation: Affinity maturation is the process by which Tfh cell activated B cells produce antibodies with increased affinity for antigens, during the course of an immune response.

8. Allele: These are each of the two alternative forms of gene which arise by mutation and are found at the same place of chromosome.

9. Allelic exclusion: Allelic exclusion is a process by which one gene is expressed in allele while the other is suppressed.

10. Anergy: It is the absence of normal immune response to a particular antigen or allergan.