Question

How Does the Urinary and respiratory systems work together? Make sure to list organs Ions and Hormones used.

Answer 1

The kidneys (organ of urinary system) and lungs (organ of respiratory system) work together to maintain a acid base balance in the body.
When the blood H+ ion concentration in the blood decreases the pH increases. This change in ion concentration in blood is detected by chemoreceptors which convey sensory signals to respiratory centre in the medulla. The respiratory centre decreases the contraction of respiratory muscles resulting in decreased rate and depth of respiration. The decreased gas exchange increases the CO2 levels in blood. The CO2 then reacts with H2O to produce H2CO3 which dissociates into H+ and HCO3-. This increases the H+ concentration in blood resulting in decreasing the blood pH to normal.
The decreased H+ ion concentration is also sensed by kidney's distal tubules. Distal tubule decreases H+ ion secretion in urine and increases HCO3- reabsorption. Reduced HCO3- reabsorption causes carbonic acid to dissociate at a faster rate thus providing more H+ ions. This decreases blood pH to normal.
When the ph of blood decreases due to increased H+ ion concentration, the chemoreceptors sends sensory signals to respiratory centre. The respiratory centre increase respiratory muscles contraction which increases rate and depth of respiration. Increased breathing results in increased elimination CO2 from body. This decreases carbonic acid formation and its dissociation to produce more H+ ions. This increases the blood ph to normal.

In kidney the distal tubules sense increased H+ ion concentration in blood increasing H+ secretion in urine. It also increases HCO3- reabsorption resulting in combining of H+ with HCO3- to form carbonic acid and reducing free H+ ion in blood. This increases the blood ph to normal.