Did you know that the majority of your body is composed of only four elements: carbon,...

Did you know that the majority of your body is composed of only four elements: carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen? These elements interact (along with others in smaller amounts) to form the major molecules and compounds in the body. How do atoms (the smallest particle of an element that retains the characteristics of that element) interact with one another? Describe the different types of chemical bonds that can be formed between atoms.

Expert Solution

Answer:

Different type of chemical bonds that can be formed between atoms:

Ionic bonds

Ionic bonds involve transfer of electron from one atom to another.
As a result, one atom gains an electron whereas other atom loses an electron. This transfer of electrons leads to the formation of positive ions and negative ions.
For example atoms in NaCl (sodium chloride) forms ionic bond where positively charged sodium ions (Na+) is attracted to negatively charged Chlorine ions (Cl-)

Covalent bonds

Covalent bond forms due to sharing of electrons between the two atoms
Due to sharing of electrons a stable configuration or arrangement is achieved.
For example, atoms in water (H₂O) forms covalent bonds.

Hydrogen bonds

Hydrogen bond is formed between the hydrogen atom and an electronegative atom (example oxygen, fluorine or nitrogen).
For example Hydrogen bond is formed in water and ice (intermolecular hydrogen bonds)
Hydrogen bond can be formed within one single molecule (intramolecular hydrogen bond) or it can be formed between two molecules (intermolecular hydrogen bond).

Metallic bonds:

Metallic bonds are formed when atoms give up their valence electrons and forms an electron sea.
These bonds are formed between two or more metals due to force of attraction between positively charged metal ions and electrons.
In metallic bonds, the electrons in metals are delocalized.
Example of metallic bonds include Na, Al, Fe

gladiator answered 1 year ago

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