Question

1. How do psychoanalytic and behavioral interpretations of childhood experience differ?

2. How does selective attention affect a child’s ability to learn and behave?

3. Why is body image particularly likely to be distorted in adolescence?

4. How do the basic four theories of language learning differ?

Answer 1

• 3.Adolescence is very critical phase in everyone's physical development.The body goes through major changes both internally and externally. And since,as a teenager one gets exposed to whole new social world of friends in college self image becomes extremely.The desire to be accepted by everyone is at its peak at this stage.
• Both boys and girls are experiencing growth spurts and sexual development. Girls' breasts and hips are enlarging, body hair is growing, and menstruation * is beginning.
• Boys' muscles are growing, their voices are getting deeper, and their testicles and penises are getting larger. Their features may be changing, and hormones may cause skin problems. It takes a while to get used to their new "image" or appearance.
• Teenagers are very susceptible to criticism, teasing, or negative comments. Some teenagers lose confidence in their appearance if they receive negative or insulting comments about their looks, racial or ethnic features, physical abilities, or body changes associated with puberty .
• With all of the focus on the body's appearance, teenagers may need to be reminded to give equal value to other important aspects of themselves, such as personality, inner strengths, mental aptitudes, and artistic and musical talents, which, along with body image, contribute to overall self-image.
• Teenagers' body images are strongly affected by what they see on television and in the movies. Magazines are filled with pictures of thin and beautiful young women and lean and muscular young men.
• Teenagers are influenced by these images and may wish to look like their favorite models or stars. However, the degree of physical perfection that media images convey is largely an illusion created by makeup, hours of styling, special lighting, and photography.
• When people compare themselves to these perfect-looking images, they may become disappointed with their own appearance. Feeling the need to look perfect, or to have a perfect body, can lead to body image problems.
• Body image problems affect both boys and girls, but they tend to bother girls more deeply than boys. One reason is that in American culture, girls' and women's worth and value traditionally have been linked closely to their physical attractiveness.
• Boys' appearance, while important, is not generally seen as their most important feature. Boys, however, often feel pressure to be tall, muscular, and strong.
• Some teenagers are satisfied with how they look and feel confident about their appearance. Others are more self-critical and always come up lacking when comparing their features with others. Extreme dissatisfaction with body image can lead to depression , social isolation, or eating disorders .
• Sometimes body image can become distorted, and people may mistakenly believe themselves to be fat or ugly. These distorted or mistaken ideas can cause a person to feel extremely distressed, self-critical, and overly preoccupied with their physical imperfections.
• Someone who has a constant and distressing preoccupation with minor body "imperfections" may have a condition called body dysmorphic disorder.
• Some people develop a strong fear of gaining weight. They may begin to diet or exercise excessively, lose weight rapidly, and refuse to eat enough food to maintain a healthy weight, A person with this pattern may have an eating disorder called anorexia.
• People with anorexia develop a distorted body image and see themselves as fat when they are not. Even though they may get dangerously underweight and malnourished, they continue to feel fat and refuse to eat.
• Bulimia is another eating disorder that involves body image problems. People with bulimia have a distorted body image that causes them to be self-critical and to feel fat, and they place too much importance on weight and body shape.
• People with bulimia have episodes of out-of-control overeating, or binges, and then try to make up for them by making themselves vomit, by taking laxatives, or by exercising to excess to avoid gaining weight.
• Due to time limit,remaining questions can be asked as another question,they will be answered,thankyou for your cooperation