We talked about HLA genes in autoimmune diseases. However, HLA typing is also important in immunity...

We talked about HLA genes in autoimmune diseases. However, HLA typing is also important in immunity with respect to organ and blood matching. Discuss the genetics of HLA typing. If genetic matches are best found among close relatives, how is it possible that matches for organs can be found in unrelated individuals?

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Expert Solution

HLA or uman leukocyte antigen system or complex is cell surface proteins which are responsible for the regulation of immune system.The HLA complex reside on the 3Mbqs stretch within the chromosomes 6.HLA genes are highly plymorphic which means that thy have different alleles.HLA genesare closely linked and the entireMHC ( Major Histocompatibility Cmplex)is inherited as an HLA haplotype in mendelian ptterns from each parents.Two siblings have a 25% chance of being genotypically identical..But certain type of haplotype are found more frequently in some population.

Polymerase chain reaction based technology is used for clinical HLA typing .Different methods using for this typing first method used for the oligo nucliotide probe and another type using the variable exon sequence of domains of genes.

The chances of identical HLA gene in unrelated individual which help to the finding possible matches among them.HLA of donor are recognised by the recipient immune system,matching of HLA showing positive effect in graft acceptence.

gladiator answered 1 year ago

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