There are three paths to the evolution of cooperation: multilevel selection, kin selection and reciprocation. Which...

There are three paths to the evolution of cooperation: multilevel selection, kin selection and reciprocation. Which path is most common? Justify the answer with logic based on what conditions and outcomes each of these paths require, as well as examples that illustrate these conditions.

Expert Solution

The most common and logical cooperative interaction will be kin selection.

Kin selection- Kin selection is selection where the individuals instead of saving onself or increasing fitness of onself behave altruistically. Increases the chances of survival and fitness of its realtives i.e. individuals whom it shares the same genes.The rational behing this selection is that even if individual meet its fate still the genes or realted genes will be safeguared and will be present in the gene pool.This selection comes to play only when the cost endured by the altruistic effects it much less then the benefits it has acquired.Eg-Florida scrub jay these individuals help other pairs to mate so even if something happens to then then also there gene remains.

2 . Group Selection

The group selection involves the selection at the level of whole group.In which instead of an individual geting selected the whole group is selected for or against.That is here natural selection does not act on the individual but whole group.That is individual act altruistically for individual even if they are not realted and does not share genes.The natural selection always act on the level of individual and hence group selection is not a term and sometimes some selfish individuals can also develop im group selection.e.g. the system of predatory warning in prairie dogs.

3.Reciprocal altruism-It is based on the fact that one individual altruistically will help another totally unrealted individual.Only if that individual can help him in anyways in future and recognise it or that individual may meet him in combat.The unsurity that other individual will purposely help and maybe is selfish makes it an unpopular mode of selection. Eg. Cleaning symbiosis eg in cleaner fish and their host.

gladiator answered 2 years ago

EVOLUTION 1. The biologist J.B.S. Haldane was once explaining kin selection to some friends in a...

EVOLUTION 1. The biologist J.B.S. Haldane was once explaining kin selection to some friends in a pub. As the story goes, he scribbled some calculations on an envelope and announced that he would be willing to die for two brothers or eight cousins. Explain his reasoning.

Why would most evolutionary biologists expect kin selection to be the main (or only) mechanism by...

Why would most evolutionary biologists expect kin selection to be the main (or only) mechanism by which altruism occurs? Why have evolutionary biologists struggled to explain the adaptive significance of altruistic behavior?

There are two theories to explain how altruistic behavior evolves: reciprocity and kin selection. A. What...

There are two theories to explain how altruistic behavior evolves: reciprocity and kin selection. A. What is altruistic behavior? Briefly explain why it is difficult to explain the evolution of altruistic behavior in 1-2 sentences. B. You observe a species of birds that appears to engage in altruistic behavior, and you are trying to decide if the behavior can be explained through either reciprocity or kin selection. You closely observe the animals, studying the behavior, and perform genetic analysis to...

. 1. Explain Hamilton’s Rule in words. 2. Relate indirect fitness and kin selection to the...

. 1. Explain Hamilton’s Rule in words. 2. Relate indirect fitness and kin selection to the alarm callings of black tailed prairie dogs. 4. Does kin selection explain how humans distribute wealth? (You don’t have to write about this, but what about something like the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation? Think about how you’d explain that.)

In this chapter we discuss 3 of the 4 paths (theoretical framework) to the evolution and...

In this chapter we discuss 3 of the 4 paths (theoretical framework) to the evolution and maintenance of cooperation in animals (Reciprocity, Byproduct mutualism and Group selection) ** we discussed Kin selection last chapter. Briefly describe each of these paths and provide an example for each either using an example from our textbook or your own.

1. Which of the following types of evolution result in adaptations? Select one: a. Sexual selection...

1. Which of the following types of evolution result in adaptations? Select one: a. Sexual selection b. Natural selection. c. Genetic Drift d. All of the above. e. Both A & B 2. According to the video on the jumping peacock spider, males attract a mate using... Select one: a. Visual signals b. Chemical signals c. Acoustic signals d. All of the above e. Both A & C 3. Which type of sexual selection is depicted in the jumping spider?...

1. Under which model of sexual selection is sexual conflict responsible for the evolution of male...

1. Under which model of sexual selection is sexual conflict responsible for the evolution of male ornaments or display traits? Select one: a. Run-away sexual selection b. Chase-away sexual selection c. Both run-away and chase-away sexual selection 2. Under both run-away or chase-away sexual selection models, a mail display trait will evolve to become increasingly exaggerated / extreme, until... Select one: a. It is halted from further exaggeration by natural selection b. female preference changes in the opposite direction c....

Describe how natural selection is the process of evolution.

Describe the history and the role of evolution and natural selection in ecology.

1. How did the chicken experiment illustrate the evolution of cooperation? a. Because whole productive groups...

1. How did the chicken experiment illustrate the evolution of cooperation? a. Because whole productive groups were selected instead of individuals, aggressive traits were selected against. b. The chicken experiment does not illustrate the evolution of cooperation. c. The hens were trained to live harmoniously by their handlers. d. The most productive individuals were placed in a group together which created a population of super productive chickens. 2.Traits that were once adaptive can also be maladaptive depending on the context...

Question