Question

what non-differentiial stains are and conoare and contradt firect staining and negative staining. Be thirough and complete, but concise. In other words, say something that needs to be said. nothing abkut the history of staining. for example why methylene blue and India ink behave differently. In-line citiation required. 5-7sentence.

Answer 1

Simple staining is also called as non-differential staining. It is staining used for determining cell shape, size and arrangement of microorganism. This requires single stain only.

	Direct staining	Negative staining
Also known as	Positive staining	Indirect staining
Nature of stain used	Basic	acidic
Charge of stain	Positive	negative
Stains	Methylene blue, Crystal violet, Carbol fuschin	Nigrosine, India Ink, Congo Red
Principle	The stain is basic and bacterial cell wall is negatively charged. Therefore, the cell wall will retain the basic dye and hence the organisms will appear stained and the background unstained.	As the stain is negatively charged and bacterial cell wall is also negatively charged, the stain will be repelled by the bacteria and hence the bacteria remain unstained and background becomes stained.
Results	Organism stained and background unstained	Organism unstained and background stained.
Used for	most of the bacteria.	Demonstration of bacterial capsules which do not take the basic stain. The bacteria not demonstrable by simple staining like spirochaetes.