Question

Based on the symptoms and virulence of each of these diseases, indicate for each disease whether there is a stronger selection for competition within hosts or stronger selection for movement across hosts. Defend your conclusion for each disease and list the major symptoms of each disease.

1.Tuberculosis

2.Covid-19

3.Ebola

Answer 1

The tuberculosis is the infectious disease that is caused by the bacteria known as the mycobacterium tuberculosis . It is an airborne disease and spread through the droplet infectio gon with the sneezing , exchanging things containing droplets of mucous . The tuberculosis can be diagnosed by the posterioanterior view of the chest x ray and also be diagnosed through the test known as the tuberculin skin test which is based on the principle of antigen - antibody reaction . A reddish swelling of immune response is produced indicating the immune response acts on the antigen of the mycobacterium tuberculosis . The vaccination of mycobacterium tuberculosis include the BCG vaccine that is Bacillus Calmette Guerin . The treatment of tuberculosis takes the minimum period of 6 months in which multiple antibiotics are given to the patient . The mycobacterium tuberculosis mutated at a very faster rate . Therefore multiple drug resistent mycobacterium tuberculosis is evolved . Thats why the treatment of tuberculosis is very difficult . Tuberculosis mainly affect the pulmonary region . Symptoms includes cough ( heavy that lasts for more than 2 weeks , excessive weight loss , the pulmonary arterier is also affected ,, cavity formation in the lungs. Lymphatic drainage of lungs is also affected . Extrapulmonary tuberculosis includes tuberculosis of the central nervous system , tuberculosis of uterus , urogenital tract . Hence there is a stronger selection for the movement across the hosts because of the high rate of evolution and multidrug resistant property .

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