Question

Investigate one of three neurological diseases: multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease or epilepsy.

A) Describe the symptoms of the disorder (around 100 words)

B)What are the structural and/or functional changes that happen to the nervous system in this disorder? (around 250 words)

C) How do these changes lead to the symptoms observed? (around 250 words)

Looking for detailed answers within the word limit or slightly over. Please answer each question in the correct format of paragraphs for each section please, thanks!

Answer 1

Parkinson disease is a slowly progressive degenerative disease of nervous system associated with destruction of brain cells, which produce dopamine.

Parkinson disease occurs due to lack of dopamine caused by damage of basal ganglia.

It is mostly due to the destruction of substantia nigra and the nigrostriatal pathway, which has dopaminergic fibers. Damage of basal ganglia usually occurs because of the following causes example Viral infection of brain like encephalitis ,Cerebral arteriosclerosisi, njury to basal gangliai drug-induced parkinsonism and idiopathic parkinsonism.

Symptoms include

1. Resting tremor - In Parkinson disease, the tremor occurs during rest. But it disappears while doing any work. So, it is called static tremor or resting tremor.

2. Slowness of movement --Over the time, movements start slowing down (brady-kinesia) and it takes a long time even to perform a simple task.

3. Rigidity (Lead pipe rigidity)

4. Maskike facies i.e. No facial expression

5. Festinant gait --- The patient walks quickly in short steps by bending forward as if he is going to catch up the center of gravity.

6. Emotional disturbance and depression