Question

Identify the disease that most closely resembles tuberculosis symptoms may be confused with viral pneumonia characterized by the catarrhal, paroxysmal, and convalescent stages Identify the key ingredient of a vaccine against the following conditions:

-Tuberculosis:

-Whooping cough:

-Diphtheria:

-Influenza:

-Pneumococcal pneumonia:

Answer 1

Most closely resembles tuberculosis symptoms – Histoplasmosis

May be confused with viral pneumonia - Mycoplasmal pneumonia

Characterized by the catarrhal, paroxysmal, and convalescent stages:

Whooping cough

Stage 1: Catarrhal stage, like the common cold

Stage 2: Paroxysmal stage – That is violent coughing sieges

- Mucous build up

Stage 3: Convalescence stage.

We feel well but bacteria still there

The key ingredient of a vaccine against the following conditions:

Tuberculosis:

BCG: live, avirulent (weak) M. bovis; (cow one) not widely used in U.S.

= positive TB test; fatal result in HIV children

Whooping cough:

Prevented by DTaP vaccine

= acellular Pertussis cell fragments

DTP: last only 12 for years, after which immunity is gone

Diphtheria:

Toxoide

Influenza:

Zanamivir (Relenza) and oseltamivir (Tamiflu) inhibit neuraminidase - we are allergic to eggs because it grows in embryos.

Pneumococcal pneumonia:

Penicillin (past) macrolides and fluoroquinolones (present)