Question

Describe the immune and physiological process to activate naive CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T-cells. Where would this most likely occur in human anatomy.

Answer 1

T cell are the most impotant componeents of the adaptive immune cells, the main role include the encountering of antigen and killing it,activation of immune system and then cytokinesis. the T cell are produced from hematopoetic stem cell and then form thymocytes and interact with the MHC molecules, Ecah t cell produces their own t cell receptor that are specific to a particular antigen, when the t cell gets activated it become effector t cell.

when the naive t cell encouter an antigen it recognises the antigen by presenting it in APC through MHC molecule and then differentiate into effector t cell which ultimately gives the immune response. For immune respose the cell either use CD8 OR CD4 to bind to MHC molecule that helps in differentiating the effector t cell. the t cell with CD 4 becomes helper t cell and that with CD8 becomes cytotoxic t cell.

CD8: these cell recognises specific moleule that are presented on the surfaceof  MHC 1 molecule. these MHC1 interact with the protein of cytotoxic t cell and then it requires signals from other cells to get activaterd

CD4: CD 4 cell are activated when the antigen is represented by MHC 2 molecule and then interact with the protein called CD4 that helps in identification of cell. this lead to activation of helper t cell and cytokinesis along with helping the B cell to produce more and more antibodies against it amd thus regulating the adaptive immune system